Method for quickly obtaining autopolyploid of jujube tree in field

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for quickly obtaining the autopolyploid of the jujube tree in a field. The branch of the jujube tree is heavily cut back, callus induction is carried out on the cambium of the section, colchicine is then utilized to treat the callus, and the autopolyploid can be quickly obtained by means of the regeneration of the callus. A strong branch is selected and cut back, the cambium of the section is covered by absorbent cotton, medical solution containing 5.0mg / L of TDZ and 2.0mg / L of AgNO3 is rapidly dipped on the cambium of the section, and the cambium of the section is covered by three layers, i.e. plastic bag plus wet mug plus plastic bag; when the section becomes red brown, the cambium is cracked, and when transparent microcallus appears, 0.05 percent of colchicine (containing 0.1 percent of dimethyl sulfoxide) is used to treat the callus for 24 hours; when the callus of the section is sprouted, the covering is removed in time, and the ploidy of the chromosome of the sprout is tested. The technique is applied in the polyploid breeding practice on jujube trees, the method is simple and convenient, and the autopolyploid can be quickly obtained and applied in production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for rapidly obtaining jujube homopolyploid in the field. Background technique [0002] Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is a characteristic and advantageous fruit tree native to my country, and it has become the largest dry fruit tree species in my country regardless of the cultivated area and annual output. There are more than 900 varieties of jujube trees in my country, but basically they are traditional local varieties or varieties selected from their natural variation. There is an urgent need for new varieties with a high degree of innovation and replacement value in production. However, due to the small size of jujube flowers, the difficulty of artificial detasseling, and the severe abortion of embryos in most excellent varieties of jujube trees, the progress of conventional hybrid breeding is very slow because it is difficult to obtain hybrid offspring. [0003] Polyploidy in fruit trees usually shows certain adv...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In terms of jujube ploidy breeding, significant progress has been made in field shoot tip mutagenesis and shoot tip and callus mutagenesis under tissue culture conditions. However, after shoot tip mutagenesis, more chimeras are obtained, and the period required for separation and purification is long ;Under tissue culture conditions, polyploidy is induced through callus and embryoid bodies. Although autopolyploidy can be obtained quickly, there are problems such as serious vitrification, and a long period of flowering and fruiting in the field after successful mutagenesis.

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