Preparation method of quaternary ammonium ionic liquid

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of quaternary ammonium ionic liquid, belongs to the field of chemical synthesis and solves the problems of complicated process and long reaction period in the conventional preparation method of the quaternary ammonium ionic liquid. The method comprises the following steps: reacting quaternary ammonium salt with alkali solution, generating anion exchange reaction to generate quaternary ammonium base and generating acid and alkali neutralization reaction with corresponding phosphonic acid anions or carboxylic acid anions to generate the quaternary ammonium ionic liquid. The method has the advantages of simple preparation process, short time, high product conversion rate and easiness in purification, an alcohol solvent can be recycled through distillation, extraction and other methods. The preparation method of the ionic liquid is wide in applicable scope. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method has briefer preparation steps, and the large-scale production is easy.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of chemical synthesis and relates to a preparation method of a quaternary ammonium ionic liquid. technical background

[0002] Ionic liquids are a class of "designable" liquid functional materials. They have a wide liquid temperature range. Low vapor pressure, non-volatile, high density, good solubility for some organic and inorganic substances, wide electrochemical window, strong solubility, etc. In traditional industries, quaternary ammonium salts have certain surface activity, biological activity and antimicrobial activity, and are widely used as metal extractants, phase transfer catalysts, surfactants and antistatic agents. Compared with pyridine and imidazole ionic liquids, ionic liquids with quaternary ammonium salts as cations have higher thermal and chemical stability, unique solubility and solvent properties, and some ionic liquids have been commercialized and widely used Phase transfer catalysts, solvents...

Examples

preparation example Construction

[0021] A kind of preparation method of quaternary ammonium ionic liquid, comprises the steps:

[0022] 1. Dissolve the base MOH in the alcoholic solution to obtain the alcoholic solution of the base. The mass of the base and the volume ratio of the alcohol are 1g: 5-20ml, and the quaternary ammonium chloride is added dropwise in the alcoholic solution of the base, The molar ratio of the alkali in the alcoholic solution to the quaternary ammonium chloride is 1-4:1, react at room temperature for 1-3 hours, the product is filtered, and the precipitate is filtered to obtain a clear liquid R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N + Oh - ; The chemical formula of the quaternary ammonium salt is R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N + C1 - , the cation is methyl octyl ammonium ion, the anion is chloride ion, where R 1 is methyl, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 It is an octyl group; the base is lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, and the alcohol is ethanol or isopropanol;

[0023] 2. The clarified liquid...

Embodiment 1

[0038] 1. Dissolve 5.6g, 0.10mol of potassium hydroxide in 56ml of ethanol to obtain an alcoholic solution of alkali. 40g, 0.1mol of quaternary ammonium chloride [C 25 h 54 N][Cl] was added dropwise to the alcoholic solution of the above alkali, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, and the precipitated potassium chloride was filtered off to obtain a clear ionic liquid [C 25 h 54 N][OH], the yield is 99%, and the product is detected by ion chromatography, and the chloride ion content is 336ppm;

[0039] 2. Add 0.08mol of bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (P204) to the obtained 0.1mol [C 25 h 54 N][OH], stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, took the organic phase of the upper ionic liquid, washed 3 times with deionized water, then distilled under reduced pressure to reclaim the solvent ethanol, and dried the product in vacuo to obtain methyl trioctyl ammonium di(2-ethyl Hexyl) phosphate ionic liquid ([C 25 h 54 N][C 16 h 34 POO]), yield 92.5%.

[0040] The pro...

Embodiment 2

[0044] 1. Same as step 1 of embodiment 1;

[0045] 2. Add 0.08mol of 2-ethylhexyl ester mono-2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid (P507) to the obtained 0.1mol [C 25 h 54 N][OH], stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, took the upper ionic liquid organic phase, washed 3 times with deionized water, then distilled under reduced pressure to recover solvent ethanol, and dried the product in vacuum to obtain methyl trioctyl ammonium 2-ethylhexyl ester Mono 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid ionic liquid ([C 25 h 54 N][C 16 h 34 o 2 POO]), yield 87.6%.

[0046] The product NMR characterization result that embodiment 2 obtains is:

[0047] 1 H NMR: 0.822-0.850 (m, 3H), 0.863-0.894 (m, 18H), 1.268-1.300 (m, 32H), 1.340-1.371 (m, 14H), 1.492 (m, 2H), 1.637 (m, 2H), 1.780(m, 4H), 3.327(s, 3H), 3.415-30443(m, 6H), 3.694(m, 4H).

[0048] 13 C NMR: 65.87, 61.00(3C), 48.82, 40.55, 34.80, 33.75, 31.65, 31.49(2C), 30.0(2C), 29.26, 29.22, 29.07(2C), 29.02(2C), 28.99(2C), 28.87 (2C), 28.58(2C), 26...

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of chemical synthesis and relates to a preparation method of a quaternary ammonium ionic liquid. technical background

[0002] Ionic liquids are a class of "designable" liquid functional materials. They have a wide liquid temperature range. Low vapor pressure, non-volatile, high density, good solubility for some organic and inorganic substances, wide electrochemical window, strong solubility, etc. In traditional industries, quaternary ammonium salts have certain surface activity, biological activity and antimicrobial activity, and are widely used as metal extractants, phase transfer catalysts, surfactants and antistatic agents. Compared with pyridine and imidazole ionic liquids, ionic liquids with quaternary ammonium salts as cations have higher thermal and chemical stability, unique solubility and solvent properties, and some ionic liquids have been commercialized and widely used Phase transfer catalysts, solvents...

Examples

preparation example Construction

[0021] A kind of preparation method of quaternary ammonium ionic liquid, comprises the steps:

[0022] 1. Dissolve the base MOH in the alcoholic solution to obtain the alcoholic solution of the base. The mass of the base and the volume ratio of the alcohol are 1g: 5-20ml, and the quaternary ammonium chloride is added dropwise in the alcoholic solution of the base, The molar ratio of the alkali in the alcoholic solution to the quaternary ammonium chloride is 1-4:1, react at room temperature for 1-3 hours, the product is filtered, and the precipitate is filtered to obtain a clear liquid R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N + Oh - ; The chemical formula of the quaternary ammonium salt is R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N + C1 - , the cation is methyl octyl ammonium ion, the anion is chloride ion, where R 1 is methyl, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 It is an octyl group; the base is lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, and the alcohol is ethanol or isopropanol;

[0023] 2. The clarified liquid...

Embodiment 1

[0038] 1. Dissolve 5.6g, 0.10mol of potassium hydroxide in 56ml of ethanol to obtain an alcoholic solution of alkali. 40g, 0.1mol of quaternary ammonium chloride [C 25 h 54 N][Cl] was added dropwise to the alcoholic solution of the above alkali, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, and the precipitated potassium chloride was filtered off to obtain a clear ionic liquid [C 25 h 54 N][OH], the yield is 99%, and the product is detected by ion chromatography, and the chloride ion content is 336ppm;

[0039] 2. Add 0.08mol of bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (P204) to the obtained 0.1mol [C 25 h 54 N][OH], stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, took the organic phase of the upper ionic liquid, washed 3 times with deionized water, then distilled under reduced pressure to reclaim the solvent ethanol, and dried the product in vacuo to obtain methyl trioctyl ammonium di(2-ethyl Hexyl) phosphate ionic liquid ([C 25 h 54 N][C 16 h 34 POO]), yield 92.5%.

[0040] The pro...

Embodiment 2

[0044] 1. Same as step 1 of embodiment 1;

[0045] 2. Add 0.08mol of 2-ethylhexyl ester mono-2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid (P507) to the obtained 0.1mol [C 25 h 54 N][OH], stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, took the upper ionic liquid organic phase, washed 3 times with deionized water, then distilled under reduced pressure to recover solvent ethanol, and dried the product in vacuum to obtain methyl trioctyl ammonium 2-ethylhexyl ester Mono 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid ionic liquid ([C 25 h 54 N][C 16 h 34 o 2 POO]), yield 87.6%.

[0046] The product NMR characterization result that embodiment 2 obtains is:

[0047] 1 H NMR: 0.822-0.850 (m, 3H), 0.863-0.894 (m, 18H), 1.268-1.300 (m, 32H), 1.340-1.371 (m, 14H), 1.492 (m, 2H), 1.637 (m, 2H), 1.780(m, 4H), 3.327(s, 3H), 3.415-30443(m, 6H), 3.694(m, 4H).

[0048] 13 C NMR: 65.87, 61.00(3C), 48.82, 40.55, 34.80, 33.75, 31.65, 31.49(2C), 30.0(2C), 29.26, 29.22, 29.07(2C), 29.02(2C), 28.99(2C), 28.87 (2C), 28.58(2C), 26...

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