Beam orientation principle based suppression method for random noise in seismic single-shot records

Abstract

The invention relates to a beam orientation principle based suppression method for random noise in seismic single-shot records. Different time and space random noise in the single-shot records has randomness, and a beam orientation method is utilized to realize superposition of the random noise in different times and spaces. Strengthening of effective signals and weakening of the random noise are realized. The problem that the effective signals in the single-shot records are difficult to distinguish due to the fact that signal to noise ratio of single-shot random-noise seismic records is low is solved. For original single-shot data, different paths and the same path are different in random noise at different moments but identical in effective signal, and strengthening of signals in the single-shot records and superposition of the random noise in different times and spaces are realized by the aid of the beam orientation principle, so that the random noise in the single-shot records is lowered, the signal to noise ratio of the single-shot records is increased, quality of the original single-shot data is improved, and excellent seismic data are provided for subsequent seismic processing. The method can widely adapt to explosive source and controllable seismic-focus seismic exploration.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a geophysical exploration data processing technology, which is a method for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data and suppressing random noise in single-shot records. Background technique: [0002] Seismic exploration is one of the important methods for studying underground geological structures and searching for oil and gas resources. In the actual seismic exploration work, random noise always accompanies the entire acquisition process of seismic exploration, which leads to a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data and seriously affects the processing and interpretation of seismic data. Raw seismic data with a high signal-to-noise ratio is conducive to more accurate analysis of the underground medium through processing and interpretation; raw seismic data with a low signal-to-noise ratio not only increases the difficulty of data processing, but also facilitates the understanding of underground stru...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In actual seismic exploration, random noise always accompanies the entire acquisition process, and the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic records acquired in areas with strong noise levels is so low that it is difficult to distinguish effective signals in single-shot records

The suppression of random noise in single-shot records by vertical stacking is only applicable to vibrator seismic exploration on the one hand, and on the other hand greatly reduces the efficiency of seismic acquisition

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