Seismic data prestack imaging method

Abstract

The invention relates to a seismic data prestack imaging method. The method comprises the following steps: a two-way wave equation is used for carrying out forward extrapolation on a source wave field and storing an extrapolation result; a reverse-time two-way wave equation is used for carrying out backward extrapolation on a receiving wave field; imaging conditions are used for summation every one backward extrapolation step so as to acquire local imaging data; and all shot gather reverse-time migration results are stacked to acquire a prestack depth migration image. The seismic data prestack imaging method has the beneficial effects that the amplitude problem is solved; amplitude-preserving effects are good, no approximate amplitude and phase exit, and through precise lighting compensation and true amplitude imaging, lithology prediction becomes possible; the imaging precision problems are solved, steep dip imaging and turning wave imaging can be carried out, and the imaging effects are good; and the multiple wave imaging problems can be solved, such as convergence and focusing of multiple wave.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of petroleum geological exploration seismic imaging, in particular to a pre-stack imaging method for seismic data. Background technique [0002] With the continuous deepening of oil and gas exploration, the problems faced by seismic exploration have greatly increased. Whether it is complex surface or near-surface velocity vertical and horizontal changes in new and old exploration blocks, or underground complex structures, geophysicists have raised a lot of challenges. Challenging puzzles. Areas with complex surface and subsurface structures, such as deserts, mountains, piedmonts, loess plateaus, thrust zones in piedmont areas, exposed carbonatite areas in the south, overthrust nappe structural belts, strong stratum folds, faults Abnormally complex and laterally heterogeneous areas that cause severe lateral velocity changes bring great difficulty to seismic data processing. Conventional seismic data processing methods...

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Problems solved by technology

Areas with complex surface and subsurface structures, such as deserts, mountains, piedmonts, loess plateaus, thrust zones in piedmont areas, exposed areas of carbonatite in the south, overthrust nappe structural belts, strong stratum folds, faults Abnormally complex and laterally heterogeneous areas that cause severe lateral velocity changes bring great difficulty to seismic data processing. Conventional seismic data processing methods and ideas are difficult to obtain accurate imaging results for seismic data in these areas

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