Microchip used for early diagnosis of lung cancer and based on semiconductor quantum dot, and method of preparing DNA probe from microchip

Abstract

The invention provides a microchip used for early diagnosis of the lung cancer and based on a semiconductor quantum dot, and a method of applying the microchip in preparation of a DNA probe used for detecting circulating miRNAs extracted from peripheral blood serum of a high risk group. The semiconductor quantum dot is used as a fluorescence detection signal of the microchip and is a multi-shell-structured Cd/Ge semiconductor quantum dot with a particle size of 3 to 6 nm; and the shell layer of the semiconductor quantum dot is coated by an inorganic layer selected from a group consisting of a CdS inorganic layer and a ZnS inorganic layer. According to the invention, directed at 7 to 38 circulating miRNAs in an early stage of the lung cancer, the method employs improved hybridization process and a DNA-quantum dot fluorescence signal to detect low-abundance miRNAs in serum, so a detection system applicable to clinical diagnosis and according with national in-vitro diagnostic reagent and quality control standards is formed; quantum dot nanometer technology and microchip technology are combined together, the miRNA detection system applicable to early serological diagnosis of the lung cancer is provided; and the detection system can distinguish benignancy and malignancy of lesion in the early stage of the lung cancer, enables patients with the lung cancer to be treated on time and prolongs the lifetime of the patients.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a semiconductor quantum dot-based microchip for early diagnosis of lung cancer and a method for preparing a DNA probe for detecting circulating miRNA. Background technique [0002] Lung cancer is the most harmful malignant tumor to human health and life, and it is also the leading cause of malignant tumor death. The high mortality rate of lung cancer is mainly due to the lack of effective early diagnosis methods. 80% of lung cancer patients are locally advanced or have distant metastasis when they are diagnosed. [0003] At present, the commonly used clinical early diagnosis methods are tumor markers, chest CT and PET / CT. The detection of serum tumor markers of lung cancer, such as CEA, Cyfra21-1, NSE, SCC, etc., is not ideal for the early diagnosis of tumors due to their unsatisfactory sensitivity and specificity, and can only be used as a reference index for treatment monitoring. Chest CT is the most important non-invasive ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The hybridization method represented by microarray chip provides a high-throughput miRNA detection method, but because the content of circulating miRNA is very low, the traditional microarray chip requires at least 20-50mL blood samples to detect miRNA, and its detection sensitivity is not suitable for trace Quantitative (<50ng) circulating microRNA detection, especially not suitable for clinical screening and diagnostic purposes

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