Space Observation System and Method for Advance Detection of 3D Seismic Waves in Tunnels

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel three-dimensional seismic wave advanced detection space observation system and a tunnel three-dimensional seismic wave advanced detection space observation method. The tunnel three-dimensional seismic wave advanced detection space observation system mainly comprises a full-space observation system, a sensor quick mounting method and an energy equalization vibration device. In a channel which is excavated according to a drilling and blasting method, taking regard of a field space condition, a full-space three-dimensional space observation system which adapts field quick arrangement is designed. The spatial resource of a tunnel face and a trolley platform resource can be sufficiently utilized. On condition that no external large-size machinery is utilized, quick mounting and field detection can be realized. Furthermore the number of hammering points is increased. Three-dimensional spatial arrangement of the hammering points is enlarged. Arrangement and detection of the observation system are finished. Furthermore the invention provides two geophone mounting manners, namely a viscose glue mounting manner and a bolt splicing manner, thereby adapting with quick mounting and coupling of the geophone in a water environment and a no-water environment can be adapted. Based on the two geophone mounting manners, the invention provides a data processing and interpretation system. The tunnel three-dimensional seismic wave advanced detection space observation system and the tunnel three-dimensional seismic wave advanced detection space observation method can realize quick detection and provide high safety insurance for tunnel project construction.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a space observation system and method for tunnel three-dimensional seismic wave advance detection. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of the national economy, my country has now become the country with the largest scale and difficulty in tunnel construction in the world. In the next few years, a large number of new tunnels will be built in the railway and highway fields, with a total mileage of more than tens of thousands of kilometers. A large number of deep and long tunnels will be built in hydropower projects and water transfer projects, showing the distinctive features of "high standard, long lines, large scale, high bridge-to-tunnel ratio, and many deep and long tunnels". In the process of tunnel construction, in order to ensure the construction of the tunnel, effective advanced geological forecasting methods can be adopted to know the situation of the rock mass in advance, understand the location and ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in the actual on-site detection work, there are some problems in the installation of hardware equipment and data acquisition. These problems have caused problems such as long detection time, limited geophone layout environment, and inconvenient on-site operation, which have affected the field to a certain extent. The construction progress and specific problems are as follows:

[0005] ①The installation efficiency of the acquisition module is low: the installation of the acquisition module mainly includes two parts: the connection between the wireless module, the transmission fiber, the detector, the connection between the fixed blocks and the coupling with the wall

The coupling between the fixed block and the wall, the existing method uses a percussion drill to drill small holes on the wall, the fixed block is fixed on the surface of the wall through a metal rod (or rubber hose / short chopsticks), and then the quick-setting agent or anchoring agent is used. Adhesive coupling, this method is more suitable in conventional tunnels, but in tunnels with water seepage, because the surface of the rock mass or wall is infiltrated by water seepage, the coupling effect of the quick-setting agent and the anchoring agent is greatly affected, and what is more , so that the coupling effect is invalid, and the fixed block cannot be fixed on the surrounding rock or wall. It takes time and effort and can not get good detection data, which affects the on-site construction. Therefore, a new installation method for the fixed block of the geophone is urgently needed for on-site detection. , to ensure high-quality acquisition of seismic wave data;

[0006] ② It takes a long time to recycle the acquisition module: the overall disassembly and recycling steps of the existing acquisition module are relatively complicated. The optical fiber cable is not discounted, which leads to a long take-up time; and in order to ensure the repeated use of the concrete fixed block, it needs to be cleaned after the on-site detection (use a geological hammer to knock the anchoring agent on the fixed block drop), especially when the accelerating agent or anchoring agent coagulates the geophone and the anchor, it needs to be removed without damaging the connecting bolts and the geophone, which consumes a long time. In order to reduce the workload of recovery, it is proposed A new recycling method is very necessary;

[0007] ③ Poor repeatability of seismic waves excited by sledgehammer: In the current tunnel detection method, in addition to the explosive source, a 2-8 lb sledgehammer provided on site is used as the source trigger device, and the hammer surface is used to excite seismic waves.

During the hammering process, due to the high position of some hammering points, it is inconvenient to use a sledgehammer for seismic wave excitation; if a small hammer is used for hammering, the energy of the excited seismic wave is slightly insufficient

In addition, due to the particularity of the surface of the rock mass on site, there is randomness in using the sledgehammer on site. During the knocking process, it is easy to hit the mark points in dislocation, especially when hammering on the initial lining support, it is easy to fail. triggering circumstances;

[0008] ④The layout of the observation system is inconvenient: the current three-dimensional observation system

In a TBM tunnel, since the body of the roadheader basically occupies the interior space of the cavern, you can stand on the TBM platform to touch all points in the space, and it is relatively easy to mark and install the receiver points and hammer the source; In tunnels, due to the fact that the geophone mounting point at the waist or vault position cannot be reached without the use of props

If a ladder is used on site, the vault detection point cannot be reached; if a loader is used, additional workers are needed and the operation time will be increased. In particular, this method has potential safety hazards and may cause unnecessary injuries to installers

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