Experimental device and method for measuring Young modulus through beam bending method achieving simple harmonic vibration

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for measuring the Young modulus, in particular to an experimental device and method for measuring the Young modulus through a beam bending method achieving simple harmonic vibration. The device and method are used for solving the problems that the experiment principle of the beam bending method for measuring the Young modulus in the current college physics experiment is single and abstract, and telescope adjusting difficulty is large. According to the device, two stand columns are arranged on a base, the two ends of a rectangular section metal beam are freely arranged on tool edges at the upper ends of the stand columns in a striding mode, the metal beam is sleeved with a copper frame, a force sensor and a metal frame with an iron block fixed inside are arranged at the lower end of the metal beam, an electromagnet device is arranged below the metal beam, and the device for measuring the Young modulus is composed of a differential bridge composed of four magnetoresistors, an adjustable alternating-current voltage source, a voltage amplification device, a digital oscilloscope and the like. According to the method, the period of the periodical change bridge output voltage waveform is measured through the digital oscilloscope, and the simple harmonic vibration period of a metal beam spring oscillator is obtained and substituted into a formula to calculate the Young modulus of a metal material. The device and method are suitable for measuring the Young modulus.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a university physics experiment device, in particular to an experiment device and method for measuring Young's modulus by using a simple harmonic vibration beam bending method. Background technique [0002] The change in shape of a solid under the action of an external force is called deformation. It can be divided into elastic deformation and normative deformation. The deformation that an object can completely return to its original shape after the external force is removed is called elastic deformation. If the external force applied to the object is too large, so that after the external force is removed, the object cannot completely return to its original shape, leaving residual deformation, which is called normative deformation. In this experiment, only elastic deformation is studied. Therefore, the magnitude of the external force should be controlled to ensure that the object can return to its original shape after the ex...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] First, the static tensile method is usually used to measure the Young's modulus of metal materials, and the principle is relatively simple

[0006] Second, according to the optical lever amplification principle, the sag of the midpoint of the rectangular cross-section metal beam is measured through the amplification system composed of the optical lever, the telescope and the ruler. Although the method is ingenious, the principle is abstract and difficult to understand, and the adjustment of the telescope is relatively difficult. It is large, and there are many precautions, and it is very easy to get tired and make mistakes in the data, which will affect the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0007] Third, weights are generally used to apply tension to metal beams, and the calculation of tension with the nominal mass of weights is inaccurate, thus affecting the accuracy of experimental results

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