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Seismic data processing method and system

A seismic data and processing method technology, applied in seismic signal processing, electrical digital data processing, special data processing applications, etc., can solve problems such as uniform expansion of difficult seismic data frequency bands, seismic wavelet waveform distortion, and kinematic feature changes. Achieve the effect of keeping the kinematic characteristics of the wavelet unchanged, compensating for the loss of the low-frequency end, and avoiding waveform distortion

Active Publication Date: 2019-08-23
CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +1
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  • Description
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  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

(2) Influence of sampling rate on resolution
In addition, it is difficult for the existing technology to realize the uniform expansion of the high and low frequency ends of the seismic data frequency band. Blindly pursuing the expansion of the high frequency end may lead to waveform distortion of seismic wavelets or changes in kinematic characteristics during travel, thus affecting velocity modeling and Imaging accuracy

Method used

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  • Seismic data processing method and system

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0070] figure 1 It shows a schematic flowchart of the seismic data processing method of the embodiment of the present invention. Such as figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes step 101 to step 106 .

[0071] In step 101, the original single-channel seismic data is acquired. Here, the original single-trace seismic data is denoted by x(t).

[0072] In step 102, a Fourier transform (Fourier Transform) is performed on the original single-channel seismic data to obtain a Fourier transform result.

[0073] Specifically, forward Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform can realize mutual transformation of signals in time domain and frequency domain. Usually, the original single-trace seismic data x(t) is subjected to Fourier forward transform using formula (1) to obtain the Fourier forward transform result X(w). Using formula (2) to perform inverse Fourier transform on the Fourier forward transform result X(w) to obtain the original sin...

Embodiment 2

[0094] figure 2 It shows another schematic flowchart of the seismic data processing method of the embodiment of the present invention. Such as figure 2 As shown, this embodiment adds step 201 on the basis of the first embodiment.

[0095] In step 201, an output function K(t) is constructed. Here, the output function K(t) can be constructed online, or the output function K(t) can be constructed offline.

[0096] image 3A schematic flowchart of a method for constructing an output function K(t) in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Such as image 3 As shown, the method for constructing the output function K(t) in this embodiment mainly includes steps 301 to 304 .

[0097] In step 301, a first analytical function E(t) is constructed, and the first analytical function E(t) satisfies formula (6).

[0098] E(t)=x(t)+jh(t) (6)

[0099] Specifically, the first analytical function E(t) is constructed from the original single-trace seismic data x(t) and the Hilbe...

Embodiment 3

[0123] Corresponding to the first and second embodiments above, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a seismic data processing system.

[0124] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a seismic data processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Such as Figure 4 As shown, the seismic data processing system of this embodiment mainly includes a data acquisition module 401 , a Fourier transform module 402 , a Hilbert transform module 403 , a processing result determination module 404 and an output result determination module 405 . Wherein, the data acquisition module 401 is connected to the Fourier transform module 402 and the Hilbert transform module 403 respectively. Both the Fourier transform module 402 and the Hilbert transform module 403 are connected to the processing result determination module 404 . The processing result determination module 404 is connected to the output result determination module 405 .

[0125]...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a seismic data processing method and system. The method includes: obtaining the original single-trace seismic data; respectively performing Fourier transform and Hilbert transform on the original single-trace seismic data to obtain the Fourier transform result and the Hilbert transform result; For each frequency to be processed, according to the original single-channel seismic data, Fourier transform results and Hilbert transform results, the processing results corresponding to the frequency to be processed are obtained; according to the processing results corresponding to all frequencies to be processed in the frequency division range , get the output result. The present invention can effectively compensate for the lack of low-frequency ends caused by the bandwidth of conventional acquisition instruments, so that the frequency band of seismic data is significantly and uniformly broadened, thereby greatly improving the resolution of seismic data, and avoiding waveform distortion caused by the expansion of frequency bands. Keep the wavelet kinematics characteristics unchanged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of digital signal processing, in particular to a seismic data processing method and a seismic data processing system. Background technique [0002] The target of oil and gas exploration has changed from simple to complex, from structural oil and gas reservoirs to subtle lithologic reservoirs. It can be seen that seismic data processing technology is becoming more and more important, among which how to improve the resolution of seismic data is a crucial link. The cost of carrying out high-resolution seismic data acquisition is high, while the frequency band of conventional acquisition instruments is narrow, especially the low-frequency end below 5 Hz is seriously missing. Existing processing results are difficult to meet the needs of lithologic reservoir exploration, and high-resolution processing technology is imminent. [0003] Seismic signal resolution is divided into vertical resolution and horizontal r...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01V1/36
CPCG01V1/36G01V2210/40G01V2210/43G01V1/28G01V1/32G01V1/282G01V1/307G06F17/141
Inventor 刘志成许璐谢金娥贾春梅宋林
Owner CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP
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