A disease-resistant and insect-resistant organic vegetable planting substrate

An organic vegetable and substrate technology, applied in the field of disease-resistant and insect-resistant organic vegetable planting substrate, can solve the problems of poor water retention and air permeability, affecting crop growth, pollution-free quality, etc., and achieves saving watering time, wide applicability, release good water performance

Active Publication Date: 2020-09-15
苏斌
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, there are the following problems in the planting substrate of potted vegetables: 1. Vegetables are generally eaten while growing at home, requiring that worms and diseases cannot be grown. The environment and vegetables cannot guarantee the quality of green and pollution-free
2. Potted vegetables grow in the customer's family. Once the customer does not water for a long time, the vegetables may wither or die due to lack of water
3. The current organic soilless cultivation vegetable substrate uses chemical fertilizers, and the quality of vegetables cannot be guaranteed. Moreover, due to the quick release of chemical fertilizers, potted vegetables will suffer from lack of fertility, wither or grow poorly, or even die after growing at home for a period of time.
4. The current organic soilless vegetable cultivation substrate ratio is simple, and the grown vegetables will lack mineral elements, especially trace elements
[0005] At present, due to the improper selection of raw materials, the texture of the organic vegetable cultivation substrate is not suitable, the water retention and air permeability are poor, the pH is unstable, and the C / N ratio of the fermentation substrate and the C / N ratio of different organic substrates are different in the cultivation substrate. The amount and fermentation time are also different. For example, pay attention to the amount of N added when pre-treating straw fibers. If the amount of N added is too much, the treated substrate is prone to high electrical conductivity (EC), which will affect the growth of crops; The C / N ratio of similar organic substrate materials has a floating range and will change with time. There are major technical difficulties in the selection and proportioning of cultivation substrates, and once the bacterial environment deteriorates, a large number of plants will be infected and die, or It is to use a large amount of highly toxic pesticides to cure, and the quality of vegetables cannot be guaranteed.

Method used

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  • A disease-resistant and insect-resistant organic vegetable planting substrate
  • A disease-resistant and insect-resistant organic vegetable planting substrate
  • A disease-resistant and insect-resistant organic vegetable planting substrate

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0079] Potted lettuce, plastic pot 45cm×25cm×12cm, hole with a diameter of 2cm in the bottom of the pot, and the height of the substrate is 10cm.

[0080] 1. Matrix and indicators

[0081] 1. Matrix formula:

[0082] 40% decomposed substrate, 6% perlite, 7% vermiculite, 40% bio-organic fertilizer, 0.2% nano-semiconductor insecticide, 0.2% acrylic acid-polyethylene glycol diacrylate copolymer, diatomaceous earth, weathered coal powder The mixture is composed of 2% of bentonite, 2% of sandy soil, 0.3% of bacillus subtilis, 0.3% of reedrine and 15-15-152% of compound fertilizer.

[0083] Among them, chicken manure, corn stalks, and sawdust are used as raw materials for the decomposed substrate, which are obtained after drying, mixing, and stacking for 15 days; the weight ratio of diatomite, weathered coal powder, and bentonite is 1:1.2:3.

[0084] 2. The indicators of lettuce substrate are as follows:

[0085] Particle size: 3mm; Bulk density: 0.7g / cm3; Total porosity: 75%; N v...

Embodiment 2

[0091] Potted lettuce, plastic pot 45cm×25cm×12cm, hole with a diameter of 2cm in the bottom of the pot, and the height of the substrate is 10cm.

[0092] 1. Matrix formula:

[0093] Decomposed matrix 42.6%, sepiolite 4%, vermiculite 5%, bio-organic fertilizer 45%, nano-semiconductor insecticide 0.1%, acrylic acid-polyethylene glycol diacrylate copolymer 0.1%, diatomite 1%, Sandy soil 1%, Trichoderma harzianum 0.1%, matrine 0.1%, compound fertilizer 15-15-151%.

[0094] Among them, the decomposed matrix uses cow dung, corn stalks, and sawdust as raw materials, and is obtained after drying, mixing, and stacking and fermenting for 12 days;

[0095] 2. The indicators of the lettuce matrix are as follows:

[0096] Particle size: 3mm; Bulk density: 0.8g / cm3; Total porosity: 73%; N value: 26; electrical conductivity (EC value) 1.2ms / cm; cation substitution amount (ECE value) 48mmol / 100g.

[0097] 3. The daily management method is the same as in Example 1, and the vegetable growt...

Embodiment 3

[0100] Potted Chrysanthemum chrysanthemum, the plastic pot is 45cm×25cm×12cm, the diameter of the bottom of the pot is 2cm, and the height of the substrate is 10cm.

[0101] 1. Matrix formula:

[0102] Decomposed substrate 45%, sepiolite 4%, vermiculite 5%, bio-organic fertilizer 40.8%, nano-semiconductor insecticide 0.15%, starch grafted methacrylate 0.15%, bentonite 1.5%, sand 1.5%, subtilis Bacillus and Bacillus licheniformis mixed bacterial agent 0.2%, pilodrine 0.2%, compound fertilizer 15-15-151.5%.

[0103] Among them, the decomposed matrix uses pig manure, corn stalks, and sawdust as raw materials, and is obtained after drying, mixing, and stacking for 13 days;

[0104] 2. The indicators of the lettuce matrix are as follows:

[0105] Particle size: 3mm; Bulk density: 0.75g / cm3; Total porosity: 74%; N value: 28; conductivity (EC value) 1.4ms / cm; cation substitution amount (ECE value) 51mmol / 100g.

[0106] 3. The daily management method is the same as in Example 1, a...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a disease-resistant and insect-resistant organic vegetable planting medium. The disease-resistant and insect-resistant organic vegetable planting medium comprises, by weight, 40-45% of decaying medium, 4-6% of thermal insulation material, 5-7% of vermiculite, 40-45% of bio-organic fertilizer, 1-2% of sandy soil, 0.1-0.3% of biological bactericide, 0.1-0.3% of biological insecticide and 1-2% of inorganic compound fertilizer. The disease-resistant and insect-resistant organic vegetable planting medium prepared from the materials in proportion is high in drought resistanceand water retention, the organic fertilizer controlled release property is high, the medium contains sufficient organic matter and mineral substances and has no pollution to the environment, and green and healthy vegetables which are good in quality and free of disease can be cultivated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biological substrates, in particular to a disease-resistant and insect-resistant organic vegetable planting substrate. Background technique [0002] Potted vegetables are a new type of living vegetables, which can be divided into narrow sense and broad sense potted vegetables. In the narrow sense, potted vegetables are planted in plant factories or solar greenhouses in plastic pots with organic substrates. The generalized potting is to lay a 10-15cm thick organic substrate on the ground, solar greenhouse or plant factory for vegetable planting. [0003] At present, there are the following problems in the planting substrate of potted vegetables: 1. Vegetables are generally eaten while growing at home, requiring that worms and diseases cannot be grown. The environment and vegetables cannot guarantee the quality of green and pollution-free. 2. Potted vegetables grow in the customer's family. Once the custo...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & AuthorityPatents(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G24/00A01G24/12A01G24/15A01G24/20A01G24/28
CPCA01G24/00A01G24/12A01G24/15A01G24/20A01G24/28
Inventor苏斌
Owner苏斌