Water-fixing fertilizer-maintaining method of prone-to-hardening soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-fixing fertilizer-maintaining method of prone-to-hardening soil and belongs to the field of soil water and fertilizer maintaining. The method includes that after cropsare harvested, a weed layer, a plant ash layer and an earthworm layer are sequentially laid in the prone-to-hardening soil; by using common materials like weed and plant ash easy for peasants to get,organic matter content in the soil can be increased, probability of soil hardening is lowered, input cost of the peasants can be lowered, and income of the peasants is increased virtually; through matched using of beer and soil yeast, number and activity of microorganisms in the soil are increased; through using of earthworm at the same time, porosity of the soil can be improved greatly, and soilhardening caused by soil idling in winter is reduced, so that water-fixing fertilizer-maintaining ability of the soil is improved remarkably, better soil environment is provided for spring ploughing of the coming year, harvest of the peasants is increased, and livelihood development is promoted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of soil water and fertilizer conservation, and more specifically, relates to a water-fixing and fertilizer-containing method for easily compacted soil. Background technique [0002] Soil compaction refers to the phenomenon that the surface layer of the soil is poor in structure due to the lack of organic matter, and the structure is destroyed and the soil material is dispersed under the action of external factors such as irrigation or rainfall, and the soil surface is hardened by the cohesive force after drying. There are about 7 main factors for soil compaction: 1. The soil texture of the farmland is heavy and the clay content in the shallow clay in the cultivated layer is relatively large. In addition, the average cultivated layer is less than 20cm, and the capillary pores in the soil are less, which is good for ventilation, water permeability, The warming performance is poor, resulting in crusting on the soil surfa...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

There are about 7 main factors for soil compaction: 1. The soil texture of the farmland is heavy and the clay content in the shallow clay in the cultivated layer is relatively large. In addition, the average cultivated layer is less than 20cm, and the capillary pores in the soil are less, which is good for ventilation, water permeability, The warming performance is poor, resulting in crusting on the soil surface; 2. The input of organic materials is small, no organic fertilizer is applied or straw is returned to the field, so that the organic matter in the soil is insufficiently supplemented, the organic matter content of the soil is low, and the physical and chemical properties are deteriorated. Affect the activity of microorganisms , thus affecting the formation of soil aggregate structure, causing the soil acidity and alkalinity to be too large or too small, resulting in soil compaction; 3. Plastic waste polluted by mulch and plastic bags, etc. have not been cleaned up, and cannot be completely decomposed in the soil, forming harmful 4. Long-term single partial application of chemical fertilizers is seriously insufficient, heavy nitrogen and light phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, soil organic matter declines, humus cannot be replenished in time, causing soil compaction and cracks; 5. Repression, plowing and other farming The measures lead to the destruction of the upper soil structure due to the impact of mechanical tillage, which destroys the soil aggregate structure, and only part of the fertilizer applied to the soil every year is absorbed and utilized by the crops of the season, and the rest is fixed by the soil, forming a large amount of salt deposits, resulting in soil compaction; 6. Accumulation of harmful substances. Groundwater and industrial waste water in some places have high levels of toxic substances. Long-term irrigation, excessive accumulation of toxic substances will cause surface soil compaction; 7. Soil erosion caused by heavy rains. The soil structure is destroyed; and the clay and small particles are easy to form compaction after sedimentation and drying in the water accumulation place or the slow flow place

[0003] For farmers in the south, the arable land area is limited, so the arable land area of ​​each household is small, and the supply is in short supply. However, the repeated use of arable land makes the soil contain less and less organic matter, making the soil that has been used for a long time very prone to compaction At the same time, after harvest in autumn, most of the plants on the soil will die, and at the same time they will be idle in winter, and under the influence of low temperature, the microorganisms in the soil will not be active, making the soil harden seriously, which will lead to the solidification of the soil. The ability to retain water and fertilizer is greatly reduced, resulting in a general reduction in soil quality during spring plowing in the coming year, resulting in a significant reduction in farmers' harvests

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