Methods and apparatus for improving skew tolerance of coherent optical transponder in optical communication system
A technology of optical transmitters and transponders, which is applied in the direction of selection devices, optics, and optical components of multiplexing systems, and can solve problems such as the inability to implement real-time traffic
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[0019] Polarization multiplexing (PM) is a modulation technique in which an optical carrier can have different optical polarizations that are independently and simultaneously modulated via electrical signals (eg, information and / or data). The different polarizations may include a first polarization channel "X channel" and a second polarization channel "Y channel", and the X channel and the Y channel may be orthogonal (or approximately orthogonal) to each other. For example, the X channel may be horizontally polarized light, and the Y channel may be vertically polarized light. In some cases, the X and Y channels need not be horizontal and vertical polarization, and need not be orthogonal.
[0020] Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is a modulation technique in which two or more binary or multiple channels are combined via an in-phase or "I" channel and a quadrature (90 degree or approximately 90 degree) phase or "Q" channel. The grade electrical data signal is modulated onto a...
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