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Spectral analysis method for seismic signals

A seismic signal and spectrum analysis technology, applied in the field of seismic signal spectrum analysis, can solve the problem that the spectrum cannot accurately analyze the signal characteristic information, achieve high time-frequency resolution, good anti-noise performance, easy to understand and use.

Active Publication Date: 2021-08-20
XI'AN UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY
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  • Abstract
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  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, its disadvantage is that there are serious cross-interference items. In practical applications, due to the existence of interference items, the obtained spectrum cannot accurately analyze the characteristic information of the signal.

Method used

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  • Spectral analysis method for seismic signals
  • Spectral analysis method for seismic signals
  • Spectral analysis method for seismic signals

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Experimental program
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Embodiment

[0079] Aiming at the problems of the traditional time-frequency analysis method in the seismic signal, such as fixed window form, single resolution, and poor energy concentration, this embodiment provides a spectral analysis method for seismic signals. Firstly, the sliding-window Fourier transform is applied to each seismic trace signal by applying the new window function, and then the CM value of concentration under different parameter conditions is calculated, and the optimal parameter is selected for generalized time-frequency transform. Experiments show that this method has higher resolution and energy density than traditional time-frequency analysis methods. Higher time-frequency resolution means that the time-frequency characteristics of seismic signals are more clearly described, which is convenient for subsequent research in fields such as thin layer identification and exploration.

[0080] The specific implementation steps include:

[0081] (1) Input the original sig...

experiment example

[0096] see Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 , design a wedge-shaped seismic signal model, with a total acquisition time of 500 ms and a total of 60 traces of seismic data. The Leike wavelet with a main frequency of 30 Hz is used as the source wavelet. The reflection coefficients of the top and bottom of the model are 0.4 and -0.4, respectively. Figure 10 Synthesize seismic records for wedge models. Figure 11 In order to apply the existing Stockwell transform to the synthesized seismic records, it can be seen that the interference between the synthesized signals is serious in the 10th, 30th and 50th seismic data of the wedge model and its vicinity. Recognition of thin layers is fuzzy. Figure 12 For the application of synthetic seismic records, time-frequency analysis is performed on each channel of data, and the main frequency is extracted, and the amplitude slice is made. Through the amplitude spectrum to distinguish the thin layer interface, it can be seen that th...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a spectral analysis method for seismic signals. The method comprises the following steps of: designing a Gaussian window function; carrying out sliding window Fourier transform on an input signal to obtain a generalized time-frequency transform; carrying out time-frequency concentration measurement on the obtained generalized time-frequency transform to a time-frequency aggregation degree CM; calculating four parameters of the time-frequency aggregation degree CM; traversing all parameters in a limiting condition to obtain a CM set; performing parameter optimization to screen out window parameters enabling the maximum CM value; and finally, obtaining the optimal generalized time-frequency transform by using the optimized parameters. Experiments prove that the method has higher resolution and energy aggregation and better anti-noise performance, and facilitate the analysis of the characteristic information of signals.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of signal processing, in particular to a seismic signal spectrum analysis method, which can be applied to the processing and interpretation of seismic data, the exploration of seismic thin-bed structures, and the prediction of oil and gas reservoirs. Background technique [0002] In the exploration and data collection process of underground exploration, artificial excitation of seismic waves is often used, and information such as underground media is analyzed according to the characteristics of the feedback signal. However, due to the uneven distribution and various types of underground media, the propagation path and vibration amplitude of the signal will be changed to varying degrees. In addition to the influence of various noises when collecting seismic waves, the collected signals are all time-varying and non-stationary. Signal. [0003] The analysis of seismic signals is a necessary step in the interpretation an...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01V1/30G01V1/36
CPCG01V1/306G01V1/36G01V2210/624G01V2210/64G01V2210/63
Inventor 江莉尚文擎王纯周军妮王燕妮
Owner XI'AN UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY