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Geologic structure constrained near-surface modeling method and system
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A technology of geological structure and modeling method, which is applied in the field of geophysical exploration, can solve the problems of velocity trend opposite to the structure trend, low resolution, and low accuracy of near-surface velocity, etc., and achieve good application prospects
Pending Publication Date: 2022-05-03
CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +1
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[0004] However, tomographic equations in conventional near-surface modeling are ill-conditioned, so regularization constraints and large smoothing need to be added, resulting in problems such as low accuracy and low resolution of near-surface velocity, and even the velocity trend is opposite to the structural trend.
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Embodiment 1
[0052] Such as figure 1 Shown, the inventive method comprises:
[0053] (1) Input the digital structure information or the migrated seismic data Y, and prepare the initial near-surface velocity v 0 , set the number of iterations N, i=0;
[0054] Any one of digital structure information or migrated seismic data Y can be used. The digital structure information is the structure information manually drawn by observing the geological outcrop, and the migrated seismic data is the structure information obtained based on the data drive. Both digital structure information and seismic data are three-dimensional data bodies.
[0055]In general, the initial velocity is the gradient model used, using the velocity field of m x n x o, m is the depth z direction, n is the horizontal y direction, o is the horizontal x direction, at z=0, the velocity is v1, and the velocity gradient is a , the velocity function is v(x,y,z)=v1+z*a.
[0088] The system includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, and the computer program is executed by the processor to perform the following steps:
[0089] (1) Input digital structure information or migrated seismic data, and prepare the initial near-surface velocity v 0 , set the number of iterations N, i=0;
[0090] (2) extract the structure tensor from the input digital structure information or seismic data after migration;
[0091] (3) Perform ray tracing according to the current near-surface velocity to obtain the tomographic kernel function K;
[0092] (4) Calculate the difference Δt between the theoretical travel time and the real travel time;
[0093] (5) Adding a constrained regularization term to the tomographic kernel function K to obtain the constrained tomographic equation, and then solving the constrained tomographic equation to obtain the slowness update amount, and obtain a new round of iteration according to the slowness up...
Embodiment 3
[0110] The computer-readable storage medium stores at least one computer-executable program, and when the at least one program is executed by the computer, the computer executes the steps in the method for near-surface modeling with geological structure constraints.
[0111] The embodiment that the present invention applies is as follows:
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Abstract
The invention provides a geologic structure constrained near-surface modeling method and system, and belongs to the field of geophysical exploration. According to the method, firstly, construction information is extracted according to digital construction information obtained in the early stage or seismic data obtained after migration, then in near-surface modeling, constraint terms are introduced for an objective function for constraint, and a high-precision near-surface velocity model is obtained by solving a constrained near-surface modeling equation. According to the method, the problems that a speed model obtained by a conventional near-surface modeling method is low in precision and resolution, the speed trend is not matched with the real situation and the like are solved, and the high-precision and high-resolution near-surface speed model is more stably and efficiently obtained by introducing the construction constraint regularization item; and a high-quality near-surface velocity model is provided for subsequent migration imaging. The method has a good application prospect in the field of seismic signalprocessing.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of geophysical exploration, and in particular relates to a near-surface modeling method and system constrained by geological structures. Background technique [0002] With the continuous development of oil and gas exploration in China, the focus of onshore seismic exploration has gradually shifted to the complex undulating surface areas such as mountains, Gobi desert, loess tableland, and deserts in the west. In these undulating surface exploration areas, the sharp changes in near-surface elevation and velocity have a serious impact on the acquisition, processing and interpretation of seismic data. Exploration areas in western my country and Sichuan have the characteristics of complex surface and underground structures, which are the hotspots of current seismic exploration and processing research. When dealing with seismic data in exploration areas with complex near-surface characteristics, an accurate near-surface v...
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