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Heteroatom-doped carbon aerogel as well as preparation method and application thereof

A technology of carbon aerogels and heteroatoms, applied in the direction of carbon preparation/purification, chemical instruments and methods, and other chemical processes, which can solve the obstacles to the large-scale preparation of carbon aerogels, cumbersome preparation process, long preparation cycle, etc. problems, achieve excellent adsorption capacity, simplify the preparation process, and reduce the effect of volume shrinkage

Pending Publication Date: 2022-08-05
DONGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, the preparation process has problems such as long preparation period, cumbersome preparation process, and high cost, which seriously hinder the large-scale preparation of carbon aerogels.
At the same time, due to the introduction of special drying processes, such as supercritical drying, there are also certain safety issues

Method used

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  • Heteroatom-doped carbon aerogel as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Heteroatom-doped carbon aerogel as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Heteroatom-doped carbon aerogel as well as preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0029] The invention provides a preparation method of a heteroatom-doped carbon aerogel, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1, mixing alcohol solvent, zinc salt, phenolic monomer, aldehyde monomer and heteroatom precursor to obtain a mixed solution;

[0031] S2, subjecting the mixed solution to a sol-gel reaction to obtain a carbon aerogel precursor;

[0032] S3, the carbon aerogel precursor is sequentially subjected to carbonization reaction, water washing, and drying to obtain a heteroatom-doped carbon aerogel;

[0033] The molar ratio of the alcohol solvent, zinc salt, phenolic monomer, aldehyde monomer and heteroatom precursor is 17.12-51.38:0.81-8.07:1:2.0-6.0:0.1-0.9.

[0034] In the present invention, the molar ratio of the alcohol solvent, zinc salt, phenolic monomer, aldehyde monomer and heteroatom precursor is preferably 22-48:2.0-7.0:1:3.0-5.0:0.2-0.7 , and more preferably 30 to 35:4.0 to 5.0:1:4.0 to 4.5:0.3 to 0.5.

[0035] In the present invention, the ...

Embodiment 1

[0052] S1, stirring resorcinol, ethanol and zinc chloride at 20°C and 300rpm for 10min to obtain mixed solution A; stirring formaldehyde and melamine at 50°C and 300rpm for 15min until uniformly mixed to obtain mixed solution B ; The molar ratio of resorcinol, formaldehyde, melamine, ethanol and zinc chloride is 1:4.5:0.1:34.25:3.23;

[0053] S2. Mix and stir mixed solution A and mixed solution B at 300 rpm for 10 min, and the stirring temperature is 30° C. to obtain a homogeneous mixed solution;

[0054] S3. Pour the mixed solution into a mold to seal, and obtain a carbon aerogel precursor through a sol-gel reaction at 60°C for 12 hours;

[0055] S4, drying the carbon aerogel precursor at 100° C. under normal pressure for 12 hours to obtain a dry gel;

[0056] S5, carbonizing the xerogel in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere, the carbonization temperature is 800°C, the carbonization time is 2h, the rate at which the room temperature rises to the carbonization temperature is 5...

Embodiment 2

[0060] S1. Stir resorcinol, ethanol and zinc chloride at 25°C and 350rpm for 15min to obtain mixed solution A; stir formaldehyde and melamine at 45°C and 350rpm for 10min to mix evenly to obtain mixed solution B ; The molar ratio of resorcinol, formaldehyde, melamine, ethanol and zinc chloride is 1:4.5:0.3:35.32:5.02;

[0061] S2, the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B were mixed and stirred at 350 rpm for 15 min, and the stirring temperature was 40 ° C to obtain a homogeneous mixed solution;

[0062] S3. Pour the mixed solution into a mold to seal, and obtain a carbon aerogel precursor through a sol-gel reaction at 65°C for 14 hours;

[0063] S4, drying the carbon aerogel precursor at 95°C under normal pressure for 12h to obtain a dry gel;

[0064] S5, carbonizing the xerogel in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere, the carbonization temperature is 800°C, the carbonization time is 3h, the rate at which the room temperature rises to the carbonization temperature is 2°C / mi...

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Abstract

The invention provides heteroatom-doped carbon aerogel as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aerogel materials. The preparation method of the heteroatom-doped carbon aerogel comprises the following steps: S1, mixing an alcohol solvent, a zinc salt, a phenol monomer, an aldehyde monomer and a heteroatom precursor to obtain a mixed solution; s2, carrying out sol-gel reaction on the mixed solution to obtain a carbon aerogel precursor; s3, the carbon aerogel precursor is sequentially subjected to a carbonization reaction, water washing and drying, and then the heteroatom-doped carbon aerogel is obtained. The alcohol solvent and the zinc salt are introduced in the sol-gel reaction process, so that the sol-gel reaction time is shortened, solvent replacement and secondary activation processes are not needed, and the volume shrinkage is small; the heteroatom precursor is introduced into the raw material mixed solution, active sites are increased, the adsorption performance of the carbon aerogel is improved, and the obtained carbon aerogel has a large specific surface area and a rich pore structure.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aerogel materials, in particular to a heteroatom-doped carbon aerogel and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the deepening of industrial production and urbanization, the problem of water pollution has attracted more and more attention. In addition to some common pollutants, there are some difficult-to-clean impurity particles in water resources, which seriously threaten human health, mainly including heavy metals, organic dyes, emulsified oil, etc. Therefore, materials with high-efficiency adsorption capacity are required to adsorb the above-mentioned Impurity particles. In the current research, activated carbon, carbon aerogel, carbon fiber, polymer-derived carbon, carbon nanotube and other materials are common carbonaceous adsorption materials. Among them, carbon aerogel has great advantages as a lightweight, high specific surface area por...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B32/05B01J20/20B01J20/28B01J20/30C02F1/28C02F101/36C02F101/38
CPCC01B32/05B01J20/20B01J20/28047B01J20/28066C02F1/283C02F2101/36C02F2101/38C02F2101/40Y02E60/13
Inventor 巨安奇李坤明李栋党延金
Owner DONGHUA UNIV