Ternary and Multi-Value Digital Signal Scramblers, Descramblers and Sequence of Generators

Abstract

Reversible and self reversing multi-value scrambling functions created by applying multi-value inverters are disclosed. The generation of possible multi-value inverters is also presented. Corresponding multi-value descrambling functions are also disclosed. The multi-value functions are used in circuits that scramble and descramble multi-value signals. The multi-value functions can also be used in signal generators. Such signal generators do not require the use of multipliers. The auto-correlation of the signals generated by the signal generators is also presented. Electronic circuits that implement the multi-value functions are also described.

Description

STATEMENT OF RELATED CASES [0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10 / 935,960 filed on Sep. 8, 2004 which claims the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60 / 547,683 filed on Feb. 25, 2004, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] This invention relates to the scrambling of multi-value digital (non-binary) signals and the generation of multi-value (non-binary) digital signals consisting of sequences of multi-value (non-binary) digital elements such as n-value pseudo-noise sequences. Multi-value signals, also referred to as x-value signals, can assume one of x states, wherein x is greater than or equal to three. [0003] Its potential application is in telecommunication systems, control systems and other applications. Specific examples of utility where the invention can be used include spread-spectrum technologies, signal scrambling, CDMA, line-coding and scrambling application ...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0010] In view of the more limited possibilities of the prior art in binary and multi-value scrambling (or reversible) logic functions, the current invention offers an easier design as well as a greater variety in multi-value scramblers and in LFSR based sequence generators. It also provides improved performance.

[0018] Another object of the invention is to provide n-Value LFSR based scramblers / descramblers as n-value signal spreaders / despreaders with no synchronization requirements. As is known, these are easier to realize, but provide less security.

[0019] Another object of the invention is to provide n-Value LFSR based scramblers / descramblers as n-value signal spreaders / despreaders with synchronization requirements. As is known, these are harder to realized, but provide higher security.

[0020] Another object is to provide multi-value digital inverters that will change the value of a multi-value signal without upsetting the distinguishing characteristics of the individual elements of a digital signal.

[0022] Another object is to provide a method called “design by inverters” that allows creating any multi-value truth table for scrambling and descrambling functions from a set of individual multi-value digital inverters.

[0027] Consequently the present invention offers a much broader, more diverse and easier method to create multi-value scramblers, descramblers and signal sequence generators. Combined with prior art in realizing multi-value logic electronic embodiments this invention can prevent the need for “switching back to binary logic” in multi-value logic signal processing applications. Prior art such as realizing adequate 4B3T transmission signals demonstrates the overhead from binary logic to manage ternary (3-value) signal generation and recovery with binary logic circuitry.

Problems solved by technology

However, currently very little technology exists in prior art that can perform multi-value digital scrambling, descrambling and sequence generation.

However, no mention has been found of multi-value reversible logic in scrambling / descrambling applications, nor in the generation of multi-value signal sequences.

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