Advanced erosion resistant carbonitride cermets
a carbonitride and corrosion-resistant technology, applied in the field of cermets, can solve the problems of hard solid particles, erosion and corrosion of the internals of the refinery process vessel walls and internals, and the protection of the internals of the vessel,
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example 1
[0032] 70 vol % of 1.3 μm average diameter of TiC0.7N0.3 powder (from Japan New Metals Company) and 30 vol % of 6.7 μm average diameter 304 stainless steel (SS) powder (Osprey Metals, Fe(balance):18.5Cr:9.6Ni:1.4Mn:0.63Si, 95.9% screened below −16 μm) were dispersed with ethanol in HDPE milling jar. The powders in ethanol were mixed for 24 hours with Yttria Toughened Zirconia (YTZ) balls (10 mm diameter, from Tosoh Ceramics) in a ball mill at 100 rpm. The ethanol was removed from the mixed powders by heating at 130° C. for 24 hours in a vacuum oven. The dried powder was compacted in a 40 mm diameter die in a hydraulic uniaxial press (SPEX 3630 Automated X-press) at 5,000 psi. The resulting green disc pellet was ramped up to 400° C. at 25° C. / min in argon and held at 400° C. for 30 min for residual solvent removal. The disc was then heated to 1500° C. at 15° C. / min in argon and held at 1500° C. for 2 hours. The temperature was then reduced to below 100° C. at −15° C. / min.
[0033] The ...
example 2
[0038] 75 vol % of 1.3 μm average diameter of TiC0.3N0.7 powder (from Japan New Metals Company) and 25 vol % of 6.7 μm average diameter Haynes® 566 alloy powder (Osprey Metals, Fe(balance):20.5Cr:20.3Ni: 17.3Co:2.9Mo:2.5W: 0.92Mn:0.45Si:0.47Ta, 96.2% screened below −16 μm) were used to process the cermet disc as described in Example 1. The cermet disc was then heated to 1500° C. at 15° C. / min in argon and held at 1500° C. for 2 hours. The temperature was then reduced to below 100° C. at −15° C. / min.
[0039] The resultant cermet comprised: [0040] i) 74 vol % TiC0.3N0.7 with average grain size of about 2 μm [0041] ii) 2 vol % secondary carbonitride M2(C,N) with average grain size of about 0.5 μm, where M=65Cr:9Mo:12Ti:10Fe:3Co:1Ni in wt % [0042] iii) 1 vol % secondary carbonitride M2(C,N) with average grain size of about 0.5 μm, where M=49Cr:30Mo:7Ti:10Fe:3Co:1Ni in wt % [0043] iv) 23 vol % Cr-depleted alloy binder (36Fe:18Cr:22Ni:21Co:3Ti in wt %).
[0044]FIG. 3 is a SEM image of TiC0....
example 3
[0045] Each of the cermets of Examples 1 and 2 was subjected to an oxidation test. The procedure employed was as follows:
[0046] 1) A specimen cermet of about 10 mm square and about 1 mm thick was polished to 600 grit diamond finish and cleaned in acetone.
[0047] 2) The specimen was then exposed to 100 cc / min air at 800° C. in thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA).
[0048] 3) Step (2) was conducted for 65 hours at 800° C.
[0049] 4) After 65 hours the specimen was allowed to cool to ambient temperature.
[0050] 5) Thickness of oxide scale was determined by cross sectional microscopy examination of the corrosion.
[0051] 6) In FIG. 5 any value less than 150 μm represents acceptable corrosion resistance.
[0052] The FIG. 5 showed that thickness of oxide scale formed on TiC, Ti(C,N) and TiN cermet surface. It is obvious that Ti(C,N) cermet has superior oxidation resistance than TiC or TiN cermet. For Ti(C,N) cermets, the thickness of oxide scale formed on cermet made using Haynes® 556 alloy bind...
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