The invention relates to the medical technical field of hand vein image enhancement and segmentation, and discloses a hand vein infrared image enhancement and segmentation method based on AGC and Frangi, and the method comprises the steps: firstly collecting a hand vein image under the irradiation of infrared light, then carrying out the guided filtering of an initial image, and carrying out the sharpening of the edge of the image, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out image processing on a blood vessel, then stretching the contrast of an image through AGC, then carrying out multi-scale Gaussian filtering noise reduction processing on the processed image, then carrying out blood vessel recognition on the processed image by applying a Frangi algorithm, extracting a tubular blood vessel contour, and finally, carrying out local binarization segmentation and open operation noise reduction on the image in sequence. And a segmented blood vessel shape with an obvious visual effect is obtained. According to the method, the AGC algorithm and the Frangi algorithm are innovatively combined, breakpoints generated after Frangi processing can be effectively reduced through combination of the AGC algorithm and the Frangi algorithm, and therefore the overall image enhancement and segmentation effect is improved.