The present disclosure provides an immunodeficient or immune-impaired chimeric non-
human animal with a deletion or impairment of adeno-associated
virus receptor (AAVR), comprising human hepatocytes, methods for preparing the chimeric non-
human animal comprising human hepatocytes and methods of utilizing the chimeric non-
human animal comprising human hepatocytes to evaluate transduction efficiency of adeno-associated viruses (AAV), and determine mechanism of inhibition / modification of AAV transduction in human hepatocytes.