The application discloses a cyclic field self-adaptive
knowledge acquisition method for high-speed rail intelligent operation and maintenance, and is used for field knowledge self-adaptive acquisition, comprising the following steps: constructing a field self-
adaptive learning framework; converting entity recognition and
relationship extraction processes in the field self-
adaptive learning framework into classification processes; inputting training text into the field self-
adaptive learning framework for training to obtain an optimal field self-adaptive learning framework; wherein, in order to complete the training process of the optimal field self-adaptive learning framework, a
loss function of components in the field self-adaptive learning framework is defined; inputting actual data text into the optimal field self-adaptive learning framework to obtain target knowledge; wherein, the field self-adaptive learning framework process is: encoding of input text, shared decoding, first classification and second classification. In the case that the number of
labeled data is insufficient, massive high-speed
train fault text data can be automatically subjected to
knowledge extraction, and three-tuples with knowledge, such as fault sources, fault categories and fault features, are constructed.