The invention provides an engagement chain type driving device which can realize the advance and retreat drive without the auxiliary guide mechanism, and can realize the reduction in size and light, and ensure the high free degree for the design of other parts, the arrangement position of the devices, and the like, and can make the maintenance easy and reduce the coveying load of the workpieces, at the same time, when the suepension or suspension arm supporting is adopted, the auxiliary guide mechanism is also not required. The invention relates to an engagement chain type driving device including a pair of driving sprockets, a pair of engagement chains, and a driving source, wherein the inner tooth plates and outer tooth plates being brought opposite to each other and into contact with each other when the engagement chains are integrated by the pair of driving sprockets, such that the flat surfaces hold the chain engagement position.