Fluidized bed reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluidized bed reactor which comprises a reactor shell and a three-phase separator, the three-phase separator is arranged at the upper part inside the reactor shell and is of a sleeve structure comprising an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the upper ends and lower ends of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are both of opening structures, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are respectively composed of an upper section and a lower section, the upper sections of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are in reverse frustum structures, and the lower sections of theinner sleeve and the outer sleeve are in frustum structures. By designing a novel three-phase separating structure, the invention can further improve separating effect, reduce catalyst carrying-out amount, and enhance the operation elasticity of the three-phase separator. The reactor is mainly applicable to chemical reactions between liquid and gas substances of different types and solid particles under contact condition, and has the advantages of large catalyst inventory, high reactor use ratio, simple structure, easy operation and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a gas-liquid-solid three-phase ebullating bed reactor, in particular to an improved three-phase ebullating bed reactor for chemical or physical reactions when liquid and gas substances flow upward and contact with solid particles . Background technique [0002] The heavy oil fluidized bed hydrogenation reactor belongs to the gas, liquid and solid three-phase fluidized bed reactor, which can process heavy and low-quality raw material oil with high metal and high asphaltene content, and has the advantages of small pressure drop, uniform temperature distribution, and can maintain the whole operation The catalyst activity in the periodic reactor is uniform, and fresh catalyst can be added and spent catalyst can be taken out during operation. [0003] US Re 25,770 describes a typical fluidized bed process, which adopts the operation mode of circulating oil pump, but this process method has the following shortcomings in prac...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] US Re 25,770 describes a typical fluidized bed process, which adopts the operation mode of circulating oil pump, but this process method has the following shortcomings in practical application: less catalyst storage in the reactor, low space utilization of the reactor; circulating oil pump maintenance The maintenance cost is high, and once the circulating oil pump is malfunctioning or damaged, it will cause the catalyst to sink and accumulate, resulting in the forced shutdown of the device; It is easy to carry out secondary thermal cracking reaction coking and reduce product quality

The difference in flow rate increases with the diameter of the reactor, which may lead to coalescence of bubbles, formation of large bubbles, insufficient contact between gas and liquid phases, and poor fluidization

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