Malaria vaccine compositions and constituents which elicit cell mediated immunity

Abstract

Malaria vaccines based on polyepitope constructs that elicit cell-mediated immunity against a broad spectrum of malaria parasites and which cover the majority of HLA alleles are provided. Epitopes in the polyepitope constructs are from regions of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP) known to contain CD4 and CD8 T cell epitopes, and include both epitopes from highly variable and highly conserved regions of CSP.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention primarily relates to malaria vaccines. Specifically, the present invention provides a malaria vaccine based on a multi-antigen determinant structure, which can induce cell-mediated immunity against circumspores that can be recognized by most of the HLA alleles of a variety of Plasmodium falciparum parasites protein. Background technique [0002] Malaria is a vector-borne disease that is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of the Americas, Asia, and Africa. Each year, it causes disease in an estimated 650 million people and kills between 1 and 3 million of them, mostly adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. [0003] The disease is caused by Plasmodium ( Plasmodium ) caused by protoparasites of the genus. Most severe forms of the disease are caused by Plasmodium falciparum ( Plasmodium falciparum ) and Plasmodium vivax ( Plasmodium vivax ), but other related species ( Plasmodium ovale , Plasmodi...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The major drawbacks of CSP-based vaccines to date have been the breadth of HLA types that bind to epitopes of any particular CSP sequence, and the duration of cellular and humoral immune responses

[0010] Existing technology has been far from successful in providing a safe, effective malaria vaccine, particularly one that is effective at inducing sustained cell-mediated immune responses against most parasite strains

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