Gas circuit breaker
A gas circuit breaker, gas technology, applied in the direction of high-voltage air circuit breakers, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve the problems of unable to obtain current breaking performance, unable to obtain sufficient pressure rise, pressure difference, etc.
Active Publication Date: 2012-07-04
KK TOSHIBA
4 Cites 7 Cited by
AI-Extracted Technical Summary
Problems solved by technology
[0004] However, there is a problem that the arc-extinguishing gas flow generated by the heat energy of the arc diffuses in the blowing chamber, so that a sufficient pressure rise cannot be obtained, a...
Method used
Furthermore, the blowing chamber 48 is divided into the main space 48a and the slave space 48b by the split member 3, thereby suppressing the boost caused by the thermal energy of the arc 46 in the slave space 48b to a certain extent, and suppressing the reaction that hinders the breaking operation. force.
In addition, by closing the check valve 27, the thermal energy of the arc 46 can be suppressed from flowing into the mechanical blowing chamber 43, so that the excessive boost of the mechanical blowing chamber 43 is suppressed to a certain extent, and it is possible to suppress the obstruction of the breaking operation. Reaction force.
[0105] In particular, in a gas circuit breaker having an axially long blowing chamber, there is a problem that the airflow generated by the thermal energy of the arc diffuses in the blowing chamber, but by disposing the partition member 3, it is possible to p...
Abstract
The present invention provides a gas circuit breaker comprising: a container filled with an arc-suppressing gas; a first contact part arranged in the container and provided with a first arc contact; and a second contact part arranged opposite to the first contact part in the container and provided with a second arc contact. The first contact part comprises: a gas blowing chamber comprising a space for storing the arc-suppressing gas used for performing arc suppression to the arc generated between the first arc contact and the second arc contact; a flow path for the arc-suppressing gas, comprising a first opening and a second opening, wherein the first opening is arranged near the first arc contact, the second opening is connected with the gas blowing chamber; and an a planar member arranged in the space of the gas blowing chamber and configured to shield gas flow of the arc-suppressing gas coming from the flow path and split the space into a first space and a second space, therefore, the gas circuit breaker capable of obtaining a sufficient breaking performance for a current by fully rising a pressure in the gas blowing chamber through heat energy of the arc can be provided.
Application Domain
High-tension/heavy-dress switchesAir-break switches
Technology Topic
Electric arcEngineering +6
Image
Examples
- Experimental program(4)
Example
[0052] (First embodiment)
[0053] figure 1 It is a sectional view showing the structure of the gas circuit breaker of this embodiment.
[0054] The gas circuit breaker of this embodiment is provided with a hollow cylindrical container 50 filled with arc-extinguishing gas, and a movable contact part 1 is provided on the central axis of the container 50, which faces the movable contact part 1. Opposing contact head 2 ( figure 1 The part enclosed by the dotted line in the middle), and the fixed piston 24 that is in contact with a part of the movable contact part 1.
[0055] In addition, in figure 1 The energized state in which the movable contact part 1 and the opposed contact part 2 are in contact is shown in FIG. Here, the AC current is set to flow in the energized state.
[0056] In the following description, the direction on the side of the opposed contact portion 2 is defined as front ( figure 1 To the left of ), and define the opposite side as the rear ( figure 1 To the right).
[0057] In this embodiment, the movable contact part 1 includes a cylinder 23 having a hollow cylindrical shape, a hollow operating rod 21 provided on a central axis inside the cylinder 23, and surrounded by the cylinder 23 and the operating rod 21. The blowing chamber 40.
[0058] The movable contact part 1 can move forward or backward along the central axis of the container 50.
[0059] The front end of the cylinder 23 is integrally formed with a flange 22. Furthermore, a movable electrical contact 15 and an insulating nozzle 13 having a throat 14 are provided in front of the flange 22.
[0060] In addition, a partition wall 26 is integrally formed at a substantially central position of the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 23. With the partition wall 26 interposed, the space (blowing chamber 40) in the cylinder 23 is provided with a hot blow chamber 42 on the front side, and a mechanical blow chamber 43 on the rear side. At this time, the surface on the cylinder side in the blowing chamber is defined as the outer circumference, and the surface on the operating rod side is defined as the inner circumference.
[0061] The front hot blowing chamber 42 is a space where the pressure of the arc-extinguishing gas generated by the thermal energy from the arc generated during the circuit breaking operation described later collides with the partition wall 26 and the like to be boosted.
[0062] The mechanical blowing chamber 43 at the rear is a space that is pressurized by the mechanical compression action of the fixed piston 24 described later during the breaking operation.
[0063] The operating lever 21 is configured to reciprocate in the direction of the central axis by a drive device not shown, and a plurality of openings 45f are formed at approximately the center position. The openings 45f are used to connect the interior of the operating lever 21 to the container 50 The filled gas atmosphere space is connected. In front of the operating lever 21, a movable arc contact 11 is integrally formed, and the movable arc contact 11 is in the shape of a finger with the front end curled toward the center.
[0064] An opening 45 a is formed between the flange 22 and the operating lever 21. In addition, an opening 45b is formed between the front end of the movable arc contact 11 and the throat 14. A flow path 44 of thermal energy and arc-extinguishing gas is formed from the opening 45a to the opening 45b. in figure 1 In the conducting state of, the opening 45b is closed by the opposed arc contact 12.
[0065] An opening 45d is formed in the partition wall 26. The opening 45d is provided with a floating check valve 27 on the side of the hot blowing chamber 42 that is stored by a spring 29a.
[0066] The opposing contact 2 is provided along the central axis of the container 50: a flange 52; a cylindrical opposing electric contact 54 integrally fixed around the flange 52; and an opposing arc contact 12, The front shown in the figure is fixed to the opposed electrical contact 54 and is located on the central axis of the opposed electrical contact 54.
[0067] In addition, the flange 52 has an opening 53. In order to bring the opposing power contact 54 into contact with the movable power contact 15, the thickness of the rear side of the opposing power contact 54 is preferably thicker than the front side.
[0068] The fixed piston 24 is an annular flat plate inserted into the rear of the mechanical blowing chamber 43. The fixed piston 24 is configured to slide with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the operating rod 21 through its inner peripheral surface and slide with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 23 through its outer peripheral surface, and passes through a piston support portion integrally provided behind it and extending in the axial direction. 25. The fixed piston 24 is fixed in the container 50.
[0069] The space in the mechanical blowing chamber 43 is surrounded by one surface of the cylinder 23, the partition wall 26, the operating rod 21, and the fixed piston 24, so as the operating rod 21 slides, the volume of the space changes.
[0070] In addition, an opening 45e is formed in the fixed piston 24, and a pressure relief valve 28 that is energized in the closing direction by a spring 29b is provided in the opening 45e.
[0071] In the normal energized state, the movable contact head 1 is moved forward by driving the operating lever 21, such as figure 1 As shown, the opposed energized contact 54 is in contact with the movable energized contact 15. In addition, the movable arc contact 11 and the opposed arc contact 12 are in contact.
[0072] In the disconnection operation described later ( image 3 and Figure 4 ), the movable contact head 1 is moved backward by driving the operating lever 21. At this time, the movable arc contact 11 and the opposed arc contact 12 become non-contact to form an arc space 47, and the opening 45 b of the flow path 44 is opened from the opposed arc contact 12. The flow of arc-extinguishing gas generated by the thermal energy of the arc 46 generated in the arc space 47 passes through the flow path 44 through the opening 45b, and flows into the hot blowing chamber 42 from the opening 45a.
[0073] In the gas circuit breaker of this embodiment, as figure 1 As shown, in the hot blowing chamber 42, in order to prevent the flow of arc-extinguishing gas flowing in from the opening 45a from spreading on the way before reaching the partition wall 26, the outer periphery of the side surface parallel to the central axis in the hot blowing chamber 42 A planar dividing member 3 is arranged on the side (outer peripheral surface).
[0074] The dividing member 3 is arranged to block the inflow path of the arc-extinguishing gas flowing in from the opening 45a, and divide the hot blowing chamber 42 in the central axis direction of the container 50 into a main space 41a and a slave space 41b.
[0075] The dividing member 3 is composed of an integral annular plane or annular curved surface, and the installation angle 4 of the dividing member 3 can be arbitrarily selected. Furthermore, at least one opening 45c is provided for communicating the main space 41a and the slave space 41b.
[0076] in figure 1 An example in which an integral ring-shaped flat plate is used as the dividing member 3 and the attachment angle 4 of the dividing member 3 is set to approximately 90 degrees is shown in FIG.
[0077] figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view showing the A-A cross section of the gas circuit breaker of the present embodiment. Such as figure 2 As shown in (a), a ring-shaped flat plate composed of a single member is used as the division member 3, and the division member 3 is integrally formed by welding or casting to form a cylinder 23 forming the outer peripheral surface of the hot blow chamber 42. Furthermore, an annular opening 45c is provided between the dividing member 3 and the operating rod 21 forming the inner peripheral surface of the hot blowing chamber 42.
[0078] In this case, instead of the above-mentioned ring-shaped flat plate as the dividing member 3, a ring-shaped curved plate having a curvature may be used in front of or behind the hot blowing chamber 42.
[0079] In addition, as the dividing member 3, it may be as figure 2 As shown in (b), instead of a single member, the members divided into a plurality of pieces are arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumference of the outer peripheral surface in the hot blowing chamber 42.
[0080] The following reference image 3 and Figure 4 The operation of the gas circuit breaker of the present embodiment and the flow of arc-extinguishing gas inside will be described in detail.
[0081] image 3 It is a figure for demonstrating the flow of the arc-extinguishing gas in the gas circuit breaker of this embodiment in the early stage of a circuit breaking operation.
[0082] When the disconnection operation starts, the operating lever 21 moves backward, and the movable contact part 1 including the operating lever 21 moves integrally. As a result, the cylinder 23 and the partition wall 26 move integrally with the operating rod 21, and the partition wall 26 approaches the fixed piston 24, so that the space of the mechanical blow chamber 43 is compressed and the pressure is increased.
[0083] In the initial period of the disconnection operation, the check valve 27 attached to the opening 45d of the partition wall 26 floats, so the check valve 27 does not move integrally with the movable contact part 1 due to inertial force. That is, the check valve 27 moves relatively forward. Thereby, the opening part 45d of the partition wall 26 becomes an open state. At this time, since the mechanical blowing chamber 43 is pressurized, the arc-extinguishing gas is supplied from the mechanical blowing chamber 43 to the secondary space 41b of the hot blowing chamber 42 via the opening 45d from the mechanical blowing chamber 43.
[0084] On the other hand, if the opposed arc contact 12 and the movable arc contact 11 are separated, an arc is generated in the arc space 47 between the two arc contacts (the opposed arc contact 12 and the movable arc contact 11). 46. At this time, the temperature and pressure of the arc space 47 rapidly rise due to the arc 46.
[0085] Therefore, the arc space 47 has a higher pressure than the hot blow chamber 42, so the arc extinguishing gas in the arc space 47 is generated from the opening 45b of the tip portion of the movable arc contact 11 of the flow path 44 through the opening of the flange 22 The portion 45a reaches the airflow 51a of the hot blowing chamber 42.
[0086] As described above, the air flow 51a generated by the thermal energy of the arc 46 flows through the flow path 44 into the main space 41a. At this time, the airflow 51b flowing into the main space 41a collides with the dividing member 3, and the airflow 51c circulating in the main space 41a of the hot blowing chamber 42 is generated.
[0087] Then, the airflow 51c flows into the secondary space 41b through the opening 45c, and generates an airflow 51d circulating in the secondary space 41b.
[0088] In this way, by disposing the dividing member 3, the airflow 51b does not spread on the way but collides with the dividing member 3, thereby generating the airflow 51b circulating in the main space 41a, and increasing the pressure in the main space 41a. At the same time, when the airflow 51d collides with the partition wall 26, the pressure in the secondary space 41b is similarly increased, and the pressure in the hot blowing chamber 42 can be sufficiently increased.
[0089] In this embodiment, the hot blowing chamber 42 and the mechanical blowing chamber 43 function complementarily. Hereinafter, the relationship between the hot blow chamber 42 and the mechanical blow chamber 43 after the pressure in the main space 41a and the slave space 41b is sufficiently increased by the thermal energy of the arc 46 as described above will be described. In addition, here, description of the flow of the arc-extinguishing gas between the main space 41a and the slave space 41b is omitted, and the main space 41a and the slave space 41b are collectively described as the hot blowing chamber 42.
[0090] At this time, when a large current is disconnected (for example, when it exceeds 20kA), the hot blowing chamber 42 is significantly boosted, and a reverse pressure difference is generated between the hot blowing chamber 42 and the mechanical blowing chamber 43, so the check The valve 27 acts on a backward force, and the opening 45d of the partition wall 26 is in a closed state. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently increase the pressure only in the hot blowing chamber 42.
[0091] In addition, by closing the check valve 27, the thermal energy of the arc 46 can be suppressed from flowing into the mechanical blow chamber 43, so the excessive pressure increase of the mechanical blow chamber 43 is suppressed to some extent, and the reaction force that hinders the breaking operation can be suppressed.
[0092] At this time, if the mechanical blow chamber 43 becomes an excessive pressure increase, in this case, the pressure relief valve 28 provided in the fixed piston 24 is opened, and the arc-extinguishing gas in the mechanical blow chamber 43 flows from the mechanical blow chamber 43 to The space filled with gas atmosphere flows out.
[0093] In contrast, when the small and medium current is disconnected (for example, under 20kA), the hot blow chamber 42 is not sufficiently boosted, so the pressure in the hot blow chamber 42 and the mechanical blow chamber 43 are in a relatively balanced state, and no return The action of the valve 27 varies with the state. In particular, near the current zero point described later, the pressure of the hot blowing chamber 42 gradually decreases and eventually becomes lower than the pressure of the mechanical blowing chamber 43, so the check valve 27 is in an open state, generating heat from the mechanical blowing chamber 43 The air flow in the blowing chamber 42.
[0094] As a result, the mechanical compression of the mechanical blow chamber 43 can supplement the pressure increase of the hot blow chamber 42.
[0095] Figure 4 It is a figure for demonstrating the flow of the arc extinguishing gas in the gas circuit breaker of this embodiment after the current zero point after fully boosting the inside of the hot purge chamber 42 as mentioned above.
[0096] The stroke progresses further from the state at the initial stage of the disconnection operation described above, and when the alternating current reaches a current zero point that is temporarily zero, the arc 46 decays. Then, the arc 46 becomes a residual arc plasma state, and the pressure and temperature in the arc space 47 decrease. As a result, the pressure of the hot blowing chamber 42 that rises before reaching the current zero point exceeds the pressure of the arc space 47, and the pressure difference is reversed.
[0097] At this time, the opening 45b is fully opened, and an airflow 51g passing through the flow path 44 from the hot blowing chamber 42 through the opening 45a of the flange 22 to the arc space 47 is generated. Furthermore, the airflow 51g is divided into an airflow 51h that flows from the opening 45b of the flow path 44 toward the opposing arc contact 12 and an airflow 51i that flows in the hollow portion of the operating lever 21 and flows toward the opening 45f.
[0098] The air flow 51g is violently blown to the arc 46, and then the arc 46 is cooled by the air flows 51h and 51i together to extinguish the arc, thereby realizing current interruption.
[0099] In addition, at this time, the airflow 51j that has passed through the opening 45f of the operating lever 21 flows out into the filled gas atmosphere space.
[0100] Figure 5 The pressure distribution obtained by numerical analysis in the hot purge chamber 42 in the gas circuit breaker of this embodiment is shown. Here, let the axial direction of the gas circuit breaker be X, the length in the axial direction of the hot blow chamber 42 be L, and the length in the radial direction be 0.532×L. At this time, if the wall surface on the front side is set to the position of X=0, the position of the wall surface on the rear side is set to X=L.
[0101] In addition, here, it is assumed that the dividing member 3 is provided at a distance (X=0.550×L) that is 0.550 times the axial length of the hot blowing chamber 42 from the wall surface on the front side of the hot blowing chamber 42. In addition, numerical analysis was performed with the height of the opening 45c as 0.082×L.
[0102] In the case where the dividing member 3 is not provided as indicated by a broken line, it can be seen that the pressure is higher on the front side, and decreases as it moves backward, and the pressure gradient is negative. On the other hand, when the dividing member is provided as indicated by the solid line, it can be seen that the pressure is lower on the front side than the broken line, but it rises as it moves backward, and the pressure gradient is positive.
[0103] Also, from the pressure distribution in the space 41b, it can be seen that when the dividing member 3 is provided, the pressure gradient becomes larger than when the dividing member 3 is not provided.
[0104] Thus, by disposing the dividing member 3, a large pressure difference can be ensured between the hot blowing chamber 42 and the arc space 47, and as a result, the arc extinguishing gas can be blown violently to the arc 46.
[0105] In particular, in a gas circuit breaker having a blowing chamber long in the axial direction, there is a problem that the air flow generated by the thermal energy of the arc diffuses in the blowing chamber. However, by disposing the dividing member 3, the diffusion of the air flow can be prevented. Effective.
[0106] In addition, it may be configured such that the check valve 27 and the spring 29a provided in the opening 45d as in this embodiment are not provided, and the hot blowing chamber 42 and the mechanical blowing chamber are always kept through the opening 45a. 43 connected.
Example
[0107] (Second embodiment)
[0108] The following reference Image 6 and Figure 7 The structure of the gas circuit breaker of the second embodiment will be described. here, Image 6 Is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the gas circuit breaker of this embodiment, Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view showing the B-B cross section of the gas circuit breaker of the present embodiment. In addition, the same reference numerals are given to the same structures as those of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.
[0109] Such as Image 6 As shown, in the gas circuit breaker of this embodiment, the dividing member 3 is provided on the inner peripheral side (inner peripheral surface) of the side surface parallel to the central axis in the hot blow chamber 42.
[0110] Such as Figure 7 As shown, an integral ring-shaped flat plate is used as the dividing member 3, and the dividing member 3 is formed on the operating rod 21 forming the inner circumferential surface of the hot blow chamber 42 by welding or integral molding. Furthermore, an annular opening 45c is provided between the dividing member 3 and the cylinder 23 forming the outer peripheral surface of the hot blowing chamber 42.
[0111] In this case, instead of the above-mentioned ring-shaped flat plate as the dividing member 3, a ring-shaped curved plate having a curvature may be used in front of or behind the hot blowing chamber 42.
[0112] In addition, the shape of the dividing member 3 may not be an integral ring-shaped flat plate or a ring-shaped curved plate as described above, but a structure in which a plurality of divided members 3 are arranged along the circumference of the side surface at predetermined intervals.
[0113] According to the gas circuit breaker of this embodiment, similar to the first embodiment, the air flow generated by the thermal energy of the arc 46 flows through the flow path 44 and flows from the opening 45a into the main space 41a, and then collides with the dividing member 3, thereby enabling the main The pressure in the space 41a rises.
[0114] As a result, a large pressure difference can be ensured between the arc space 47 and the arc space 47, so the arc extinguishing gas can be blown violently into the arc 46.
[0115] In addition, unlike the first embodiment, the arrangement position of the divided member 3 is not limited to the outer peripheral surface of the hot blow chamber 42, and the degree of freedom at the time of manufacturing can be ensured.
[0116] (Modification of the second embodiment)
[0117] The following reference Figure 8 The structure of the gas circuit breaker of this modification of the second embodiment will be described. Figure 8 It is a figure which shows the shape of the division member 3 of the gas circuit breaker of this modification.
[0118] The difference from the second embodiment is that in order to smooth the flow of the arc-extinguishing gas between the hot blowing chamber 42 and the mechanical blowing chamber 43, such as Figure 8 As shown, four openings 45g are provided in the inner periphery of the divided member 3 of the ring-shaped flat plate or the ring-shaped curved plate. In addition, this opening part 45g is not limited to four places.
[0119] In this way, by providing the opening 45g in the inner peripheral portion of the dividing member 3, the air flow between the hot blowing chamber 42 and the mechanical blowing chamber 43 can be smoothed.
[0120] According to the gas circuit breaker of this modification, the airflow generated by the thermal energy of the arc 46 flows through the flow path 44 from the opening 45a into the main space 41a, and collides with the dividing member 3, so that the pressure in the main space 41a can be increased.
[0121] As a result, a large pressure difference can be ensured between the arc space 47 and the arc space 47, so the arc extinguishing gas can be blown violently to the arc 46.
Example
[0122] (Third embodiment)
[0123] The following reference Picture 9 The structure of the gas circuit breaker of this embodiment will be described in detail. In addition, the same reference numerals are given to the same structures as those of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.
[0124] The gas circuit breaker of this embodiment does not use the partition wall 26 to divide the hot purge chamber 42 and the mechanical purge chamber 43, but only includes the purge chamber 48. This point is different from the first, second, and second embodiments. The modification of the method is different.
[0125] In the gas circuit breaker of the present embodiment, the dividing member 3 is arranged on the outer peripheral side (outer peripheral surface) of the side surface parallel to the central axis in the blowing chamber 48, and the blowing chamber 48 is divided into a main space 48a and a slave space 48b. At this time, as in the first embodiment, after the airflow generated by the thermal energy of the arc 46 flows through the flow path 44 from the opening 45a into the main space 48a, the airflow collides with the dividing member 3, and the pressure in the main space 48a can be increased.
[0126] As a result, a large pressure difference can be ensured between the arc space 47 and the arc space 47, so the arc extinguishing gas can be blown violently into the arc 46.
[0127] Furthermore, by dividing the blowing chamber 48 into the main space 48a and the slave space 48b by the dividing member 3, it is possible to suppress the boost in the slave space 48b due to the thermal energy of the arc 46 to a certain extent, and it is possible to suppress the reaction force that hinders the opening operation.
[0128] Furthermore, according to the gas circuit breaker of this embodiment, since the partition wall 26, the check valve 27, and the spring 29a are not provided, it is possible to improve the current interruption performance with a simple structure.
[0129] In addition, as the dividing member 3 of the gas circuit breaker of the present embodiment, the structure of the outer peripheral surface arranged in the blowing chamber 48 has been described, but as explained in the second embodiment, it may be installed in the blowing chamber 48. The inner peripheral side (inner peripheral surface) of the side surface parallel to the central axis.
[0130] In addition, the dividing member 3 may be an integral ring-shaped flat plate or a ring-shaped curved plate, or the divided member 3 divided into a plurality of divided members 3 may be arranged along the circumference of the side surface at a predetermined interval.
PUM
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