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Preparation method of carbon nanofiber aerogel composite

A technology of carbon nanofibers and composite materials, which is applied in the field of preparation of carbon nanofiber aerogel composite materials, can solve the problems of uneven grid structure, high thermal conductivity at high temperature, poor mechanical properties, etc., and reduce thermal conductivity. , The effect of improving mechanical strength and low cost

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-08-07
DALIAN UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The shortcomings of airgel materials such as poor mechanical properties, high thermal conductivity at high temperature, and high production costs are important reasons that limit their wide application. In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing airgel materials such as low strength and high brittleness, N. Leventis, A. Fidalgo etc. doped polymers such as diisocyanate in the gel to improve the mechanical properties of the aerogel, but the density is relatively high. K.Kanamori, H.Dong, etc. simply used methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) as the silicon source , with methanol or ethanol as a solvent, the elastic airgel material was prepared by drying under normal pressure, but the grid structure formed was not uniform. There are also studies on the use of macroscopic fibers such as glass fibers, ceramic fibers, brucite fibers, and mullite fibers. Composite materials and airgel, although there is a certain strengthening effect, but there are certain defects

Method used

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  • Preparation method of carbon nanofiber aerogel composite
  • Preparation method of carbon nanofiber aerogel composite
  • Preparation method of carbon nanofiber aerogel composite

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] The raw materials and properties used are as follows:

[0023] Diatomaceous earth: 200 mesh sieve, SiO 2 Content 90%, loss on ignition 1.3%;

[0024] Carbon nanofiber: diameter 200-600nm, length 5-50um, purity 95%;

[0025] Cation exchange resin: Purite 732 type; NaOH: analytical pure AR grade; ammonia water: 1mol / L; ethanol: AR; n-hexane: AR; trimethylchlorosilane: AR;

[0026] Add 50g of diatomaceous earth to 150mL of 10% NaOH solution, react at 80°C for 150min, filter the filtrate, dilute it with distilled water at a ratio of 1:1, pass it through a cationic resin, control the pH to 2-3, add the volume of the sol 5% carbon nanofiber solution pre-dispersed by ultrasound for 30 min, titrated with ammonia water to pH = 5, the resulting hydrogel was aged at 30 °C for 24 h, and then solvent exchange / surface was performed with ethanol, n-hexane, and trimethylchlorosilane For modification, the molar ratio of ethanol to trimethylchlorosilane is 2:3, the volume ratio of tri...

Embodiment 2

[0028] Add 50g of diatomaceous earth to 180mL of 15% NaOH solution, react at 90°C for 120min, filter the filtrate, dilute it with distilled water at a ratio of 1:3, pass it through a cationic resin, control the pH to 2-3, add the volume of the sol 10% of the carbon nanofiber solution pre-dispersed by ultrasound for 30 min was titrated to pH = 6 with ammonia water, and the resulting hydrogel was aged at 30 °C for 48 h, and then solvent exchange / surface was performed with ethanol, n-hexane, and trimethylchlorosilane For modification, the molar ratio of ethanol to trimethylchlorosilane is 1:1, the volume ratio of trimethylchlorosilane to wet gel is 1:1.5, and the time is 48h. Then place it in an oven at 80°C for 4 hours, and dry it at 150°C for 1 hour to obtain a black carbon nanofiber airgel with a specific surface area of ​​532.4m 2 / g, the density is 0.197g / cm 3 , The average pore diameter of the internal micropores is 18nm.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a carbon nanofiber aerogel composite, belonging to the field of preparation of functional materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps of performing extraction with an inorganic base water solution, pumping filtration and dilution on diatomite with a certain particle size after screening, then generating a silicon dioxide hydrosol, compounding a pre-dispersed carbon nanofiber suspension with a silicon dioxide hydrogel to form a compound hydrogel, and performing aging, solvent exchange, surface modification and drying at normal pressure to prepare a black carbon nanofiber aerogel. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the diatomite with low price is used for replacing a traditional expensive organic silicon compound as a raw material, and the prepared carbon nanofiber aerogel has the inherent excellent properties of an aerogel material and can further overcome the shortcomings of low mechanical strength and high heat conductivity at high temperature and greatly expand the range of applications.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a carbon nanofiber airgel composite material, belonging to the field of preparation of functional materials. Background technique [0002] SiO 2 Airgel is a new type of amorphous solid material composed of nanometer-scale particles and air as the dispersion medium. It has a nanostructure (1-100nm for holes, 1-20nm for skeleton particles), low volume density (0.01- 0.2g / cm 3 ), large specific surface area (up to 800 ~ 1000m 2 / g), high porosity (up to 80% ~ 99.8%), low thermal conductivity (single particle airgel: 0.013 ~ 0.02W / m K, airgel particle accumulation: 0.4W / m 2 K) and other characteristics, it has broad application prospects in the fields of thermal insulation materials, optics, acoustics, electricity, catalysis, drug carriers, and adsorption materials. However, due to the sharp increase in thermal conductivity of silica airgel materials at high temperatures, its application ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B30/02
Inventor 王宝民宋凯
Owner DALIAN UNIV OF TECH
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