High-performance aerogel composite material, preparation method and equipment thereof

A composite material and aerogel technology, applied in the field of material preparation technology, can solve the problems of inability to accurately control the gel time, complex preparation process, complex preparation process, etc. The effect of complex process and simple preparation process

Active Publication Date: 2013-12-11
海鹰空天材料研究院(苏州)有限责任公司
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] In order to solve the shortcomings in the preparation technology of airgel composite materials such as complex preparation process, inaccurate control of gel time, many types of catalysts, and unfavorable environmental protection, the present invention provides a gel-controllable silica airgel composite Materials and methods for their preparation
The preparation process does not need to add additional catalysts, only methyl orthosilicate, alcohol solvent and water are needed, less raw materials are used, the preparation process is simple, and the gelation time of the sol system can be controlled to ensure that the sol can fully impregnate the fibers before gelation, solving the problem of Solved the problems of the complex preparation process of airgel composites and the inability to accurately control the sol-gel time, and laid the foundation for the preparation of high-performance airgel composites

Method used

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  • High-performance aerogel composite material, preparation method and equipment thereof
  • High-performance aerogel composite material, preparation method and equipment thereof
  • High-performance aerogel composite material, preparation method and equipment thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0087] (1) Preparation of sol: first pour methyl orthosilicate and water in proportion as attached figure 1 Shown in the reaction-circulation cooling equipment, fully stirred, then add alcohol solvent to the system, continue to stir, to obtain silica sol;

[0088] (2) sol dipping: immersing the fiber material in the sol;

[0089] (3) Stand still: put the fiber material / sol system in a low temperature environment from -40°C to 0°C;

[0090] (4) Gel: the fiber material / sol system is taken out from the low temperature environment, and gelled at room temperature or under heating conditions to obtain a silica wet gel;

[0091] (5) Aging: aging at room temperature or under heating for 8 hours to 168 hours;

[0092] (6) Solvent replacement: put the aged wet gel material into an alcohol solvent or a ketone solvent so that the water content is lower than 1%;

[0093] (7) Surface treatment: soak the wet gel that has completed the solvent replacement with a hydrophobizing agent;

[0...

Embodiment 1

[0131] Add orthosilicate methyl ester, deionized water and absolute ethanol into the reaction-circulation cooling equipment and mix well to prepare silica sol, and the cooling temperature is -15°C. The molar ratio of methyl orthosilicate, deionized water and alcohol solvent is 1:8:4.

[0132] Impregnate glass fiber wool with the prepared silica sol, and the impregnation method adopts the method (a) described herein to carry out, that is, directly add silica sol to the mold cavity that is equipped with glass fiber wool with a bulk density of 0.08 g / cubic centimeter (consisting of No. 45 steel, and the inner surface of the cavity is coated with anti-corrosion coating polytetrafluoroethylene), rely on gravity impregnation; then, let it stand at -15°C for 48 hours, take it out, and put it at a gel temperature of 25°C A fibrous gel was obtained in 24 hours. After aging for 48 hours in ethanol as a solvent at a temperature of 25° C., surface treatment was carried out for 6 hours wi...

Embodiment 2

[0134] First, in the reaction-circulation cooling equipment, mix ethyl orthosilicate, deionized water, and ethanol ammonia in a molar ratio of 1:7:4, stir, add ammonia water to adjust the pH to 9, and prepare silica sol, and the cooling temperature is -15°C . Then use the prepared silica sol to impregnate an ultra-fine glass wool felt with a density of 0.08 g / cubic centimeter. The impregnation method is carried out by the method (a) described in this article, that is, the prepared silica sol is immersed in the direct dipping method; then it is left to stand in an environment of -15°C for 48 hours; it is taken out and carried out at a gelling temperature of 25°C After gelation for 24 hours, a fibrous gel was obtained. At a temperature of 25°C, after 48 hours of aging in ethanol as a solvent, 20% hexamethyldisilazane ethanol solution was used for 0.5 hours of surface treatment; the aging fiber composite gel was used as follows The supercritical drying method is carried out: in...

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Abstract

The invention provides a high-performance aerogel composite material, and a preparation method and equipment of the high-performance aerogel composite. The aerogel composite material comprises a silicon dioxide aerogel and a fiber material, wherein the silicon dioxide aerogel uses tetramethyl orthosilicate and water as raw materials and an alcohol solvent as a solvent to prepare a silica sol, and no gel catalyst is added in the silica sol. The equipment comprises a reaction part and a circulated cooling part. The method comprises the steps of preparing the sol, dipping glue, standing, gelatinizing, aging gel, dewatering, drying and the like. With the adoption of the method, materials with planar or abnormal shapes and multiple sizes can be conveniently and selectively prepared, the gelation time is controllable, no catalyst is needed, the kinds of raw materials are few, the operation is simple and convenient, and the environmental pollution is low. The material is excellent in heat-insulating property and has a wide application prospect in the fields of the civil industry, the space flight and aviation industry and the military industry.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material preparation technology, in particular, the invention relates to a gel-controllable airgel composite material, a preparation method thereof, and equipment required for preparing a stable sol. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of human economic life, the human demand for energy is increasing, and the damage to the environment is also increasing. In the face of the world's energy shortage and the crisis of environmental damage, the research of high-efficiency and energy-saving materials is generally emphasized at home and abroad, in order to reduce energy waste and improve use efficiency. Among them, improving the thermal insulation technology level in industry, construction, military and other fields is of great significance for energy saving and emission reduction. As a new type of lightweight nanoporous material, airgel material is the most efficient heat insulation materi...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B28/24C04B14/38C04B16/06
Inventor 刘喜宗詹万初张继成邹军锋张昊赵小玲周清隋鹏简文政赵英民
Owner 海鹰空天材料研究院(苏州)有限责任公司
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