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Methods for sorting materials

A sorting, percentage technology, applied in the direction of analyzing materials, using wave/particle radiation for material analysis, sorting, etc., can solve problems such as water pollution

Active Publication Date: 2014-08-06
MINERAL SEPAREJSHN TECHZ INK
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Some processes use acids to remove contaminants and contaminate water

Method used

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  • Methods for sorting materials
  • Methods for sorting materials
  • Methods for sorting materials

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0044] Example 1: Linear Absorption Coefficient

[0045] Figure 7 Pyrite (FeS), coal, and silica (SiO 2 ) mass absorption coefficient (μ). Also their densities are shown. Note that coal is a mixture of carbon and hydrocarbons, and there is no NIST "standard" for coal. Thus, the X-ray absorption coefficient for coal is the NIST data for graphite corrected to a coal density of 1.2 grams per cubic centimeter (g / cc). As shown elsewhere herein, coal absorbs much less than pyrite among silicates for X-rays between 8 and 20 kiloelectron volts (KeV). use Figure 7 The information in shows how contaminants can be separated from coal.

Embodiment 2

[0046] Example 2: Percent X-ray transmission at different energies

[0047] The methods disclosed herein use x-ray energy that allows the selection of contaminants for removal while providing detectable transmission through the coal. As a first step, the size of the raw coal is reduced to less than 5 cm in order to provide significant transmission through the coal sample, while opaque contaminants such as sulfides and silicates pass through the X-ray transmission percentage of these materials. reduced to be detected. Figure 8The percent transmission calculated from the NIST absorption coefficient information is shown in .

[0048] like Figure 8 Best visible in medium, coal transmits X-ray energy extremely easily compared to what other materials allow. For example, it is calculated that the use of X-ray energy at the 15KeV level results in 56.6% transmission through coal with a thickness of 1 cm, whereas a contaminant with a thickness of only 1 mm has lower transmission pe...

Embodiment 3

[0049] Example 3: Separation of Contaminants from Coal

[0050] The following method was performed on a 100 lb wet washed coal sample to separate contaminants from the coal. The samples were dried in the sun to remove moisture remaining from the wet washing step. After sun drying, the samples were reduced to individual pieces smaller than 10 cm in size. A sample was placed in an X-ray scanning device (Baggage Scanner Model No. 7555 commercially available from Smiths Detection, Danbury, CT). The X-ray apparatus is tuned to detect X-ray energies up to 160KeV. The transmission through each sample block was measured at two energy ranges. X-ray detectors receiving transmissions of X-ray energy are set such that transmissions through the coal correlate with transmissions at both energy ranges giving atomic numbers approximately less than 10. As noted in this application, these contaminants result in a reduced percent transmission of X-rays through the material, resulting in a hi...

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PUM

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Abstract

Disclosed herein is the use of differences in x-ray linear absorption coefficients to process ore and remove elements with higher atomic number from elements with lower atomic numbers. Use of this dry method at the mine reduces pollution and transportation costs. One example of said invention is the ejection of inclusions with sulfur, silicates, mercury, arsenic and radioactive elements from coal. This reduces the amount and toxicity of coal ash. It also reduces air emissions and the energy required to clean stack gases from coal combustion. Removal of said ejected elements improves thermal efficiency and reduces the pollution and carbon footprint for electrical production.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of Chinese Invention Patent Application No. 201010222089.8 filed on June 30, 2010, entitled "Material Sorting Method". technical field [0002] The present application relates to the field of coal separation, in particular to a method for treating ore and removing elements with higher atomic number from elements with lower atomic number by utilizing the difference in linear absorption coefficient of X-rays. Background technique [0003] Natural coal is a mixture of carbon, hydrocarbons, moisture, and polluting minerals with higher atomic numbers. Coal generates half of U.S. electricity, but utilities are under pressure to reduce their carbon footprint and pollution from mercury, sulfur and coal ash. Cleaning up coal ash spills and providing the necessary pollution controls is cost-prohibitive for utilities. The EPA is now requiring tighter controls on mercury and sulfur emissions. In addition, the new rules will enforce h...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B07C5/346
CPCB07C5/346G01N23/083
Inventor 查尔斯.E.鲁斯小爱德华.J.萨默
Owner MINERAL SEPAREJSHN TECHZ INK
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