Encrypted Quantum Dialogue Method for Error-Tolerant Channels Against Collective Dephasing Noise

Abstract

The invention discloses a collective dephasing noise resisting error tolerance channel encryption quantum dialogue protocol. Every decoherence-free state composed of two physical quantum bits is used for resisting collective dephasing noise, and quantum private keys are safely shared in a collective dephasing noise channel by both communicating parties. By means of encryption and decryption through the quantum private keys, the initial state of every transmitted two-particle logic quantum bit is secretly shared by the both communicating parties; confidential information of the both communicating parties is encoded onto the transmitted two-particle logic quantum bits through composite unitary operation; quantum encryption and sharing the initial states of the transmitted two-particle logic quantum bits overcomes of the problem of information leakage; through appropriate selection of the rotating angle, rotated quantum private keys can be reusable, so that quantum sources can be saved. Therefore, the collective dephasing noise resisting error tolerance channel encryption quantum dialogue protocol almost achieve an information theory efficiency of 66.7%, which is far above that of an original anti-noise information leakage-free quantum dialogue protocol. During the entire dialogue process, the collective dephasing noise resisting error tolerance channel encryption quantum dialogue protocol only requires single-particle measurement except when in security detection.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of quantum security communication. The invention designs an error-tolerant channel encryption quantum dialogue method against collective dephasing noise, so as to achieve the purpose of anti-information leakage and noise interference of the quantum dialogue. Background technique [0002] The security of quantum cryptography is based on the properties of quantum mechanics rather than the computational complexity of solving mathematical problems. It can be regarded as the generalization of classical cryptography in the field of quantum mechanics. Quantum cryptography was first born in the pioneering work of Bennett and Brassard [1] in 1984. Until now, it has been expanded into many interesting branches, such as quantum key distribution (Quantum key distribution, QKD) [1-5], quantum secret sharing (Quantum secret sharing, QSS) [6-8], quantum safe direct communication ( Quantum secure direct communication, QSDC) [9-20] ...

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Problems solved by technology

The drawback of the first three strategies is that they are only effective under the assumption that the reaction between the photon and the environment is sufficiently weak and that the photon is disturbed with a low probability

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