Attenuation method and device for surface wave in low frequency seismic data

Abstract

The invention provides an attenuation method and apparatus for a surface wave in low-frequency earthquake data. The method includes the steps: obtaining earthquake data, and carrying out time frequency analysis for earthquake data in a low-frequency end to obtain the features of a surface wave in the earthquake data in the low-frequency end; detecting the change relation between surface wave noise and frequency on at least one seismic trace and also the frequency position and seismic trace position corresponding to the surface wave noise according to the features of the surface wave, and thus detecting the surface wave noise; defining a multivariable function on the basis of the change relation, the frequency position and the seismic trace position; simulating the multivariable function on the basis of multiple set noise attenuation values, and making the simulated multivariable function serve as the noise attenuation coefficient of the surface wave noise; attenuating all kinds of surface wave noise in the earthquake data in the low-frequency end according to the noise attenuation coefficient to remove the surface wave noise; and reconstructing the earthquake data that has undergone surface wave noise removal. Through adoption of the attenuation method and apparatus, low-frequency surface waves can be pressed, and signals are effectively protected.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seismic data processing, in particular to a method and device for attenuating surface waves in low-frequency seismic data. Background technique [0002] Theoretical research and practice in recent years have shown that the cost of obtaining high-frequency seismic signals from seismic data is very high, compared with that, obtaining low-frequency seismic signals requires only a small cost. Therefore, in the process of seismic data acquisition, processing, and interpretation, the protection and utilization of low-frequency seismic effective signals have been paid more and more attention, especially in the seismic data processing stage. [0003] However, low-frequency seismic effective signals in seismic data are often mixed with typical low-frequency noise (ie, surface waves). Existing suppression techniques for surface waves, such as high-pass filtering, area filtering, and adaptive surface wave suppressi...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, low-frequency seismic effective signals in seismic data are often mixed with typical low-frequency noise (i.e., surface waves)

Existing suppression techniques for surface waves, such as high-pass filtering, area filtering, and adaptive surface wave suppression, only suppress low-frequency surface waves in seismic data through simple filtering techniques. While filtering surface waves, often Lost a lot of low-frequency seismic effective signals

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