Electrolyte balance strategy for flow batteries
A liquid flow battery and water-based electrolyte technology, applied in battery electrodes, solid electrolyte fuel cells, fuel cells, etc., can solve problems such as system performance degradation
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Embodiment approach 1
[0082] Embodiment 1. A redox flow battery or other electrochemical device comprising at least one electrochemical cell in fluid communication with a balancing cell comprising:
[0083] a first half-cell compartment and a second half-cell compartment separated by a membrane,
[0084] wherein the first half-cell compartment comprises a first electrode in contact with a first aqueous electrolyte of the redox flow battery; and
[0085] wherein the second half-cell chamber comprises a second electrode in contact with a second aqueous electrolyte, the second electrode comprising a 2 catalyst.
Embodiment approach 2
[0086] Embodiment 2. A redox flow battery comprising at least one electrochemical cell in fluid communication with a balancing cell comprising:
[0087] a first half-cell compartment and a second half-cell compartment separated by a membrane,
[0088] wherein the first half-cell compartment comprises a first electrode in contact with a first aqueous electrolyte of the redox flow battery; and
[0089] wherein the second half-cell chamber contains a 2 the second electrode of the catalyst; and wherein
[0090] The second half-cell compartment does not contain (is free of) an aqueous electrolyte.
Embodiment approach 3
[0091] Embodiment 3. A redox flow battery or other electrochemical device comprising at least one electrochemical cell in fluid communication with a balancing cell comprising:
[0092] a first half-cell compartment and a second half-cell compartment separated by a membrane,
[0093] wherein the first half-cell compartment comprises a first electrode in contact with a first aqueous electrolyte of the redox flow battery; and
[0094] wherein the second half-cell chamber comprises a second electrode in contact with a second aqueous electrolyte, the second electrode comprising a 2 the catalyst of; and wherein said film comprises:
[0095] (1) Negatively charged ionomers, preferably negatively charged ionomers of the first and second classes, such as sulfonated perfluorinated polymers or copolymers;
[0096] (2) positively charged ionomers;
[0097] (3) Bipolar membranes; or
[0098] (4) A combination of (1)-(3).
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