Three-dimensional space random-direction fusion-covering forming method

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-dimensional space random-direction fusion-covering forming method. The three-dimensional space random-direction fusion-covering forming method comprises the followingsteps of: providing a base body which is provided with surface needing fusion-covering accumulation or being repaired by fusion-covering, spraying a fusion-covering material to the surface of the basebody from a spray nozzle through a fusion-covering channel of a spray head main body, and focusing laser to the surface of the base body through a focusing lens to fusion-cover the fusion-covering material onto the surface of the base body; and forming a protective gas curtain for blowing away / isolating the fusion-covering material, which is not fusion-covered between the focusing lens and the spray nozzle, between the spray nozzle and the focusing lens. According to the three-dimensional space random-direction fusion-covering forming method provided by the invention, when a laser fusion-covering device is in large-angle inclination and vertical face-up fusion-covering or space continuous direction change, fusion-covering material fed out from the spray nozzle does not splash down on thefocusing lens to damage the focusing lens, so that stability and reliability of fusion-covering are guaranteed, and + / -180-degree three-dimensional space all-around random-direction fusion-covering isrealized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cladding molding method in any direction in three-dimensional space, which belongs to the field of laser processing. Background technique [0002] Simultaneous-feed laser cladding is a major method for additive manufacturing of metal alloys. Laser cladding generally focuses the laser beam and projects it onto the processing base surface to form a working spot. At the same time, the cladding material is synchronously delivered to the working spot. With the scanning movement of the cladding nozzle, it is put into the work of moving on the processing base surface. The cladding material in the spot melts, solidifies and forms a continuous melt path. [0003] In the laser cladding process, the cladding nozzle is generally required to be perpendicular to the processing base surface all the time. When the inclination angle of the base surface is larger, the inclination angle of the cladding nozzle is also larger, and the cladding n...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] In the laser cladding process, the cladding nozzle is generally required to be perpendicular to the processing base surface all the time. When the inclination angle of the base surface is larger, the inclination angle of the cladding nozzle is also larger, and the cladding nozzle ejected in the space The coupling effect between the cladding material and the focused beam will be worse, and the inclined high-temperature molten pool is more likely to flow or even drip. In addition, only a part of the cladding material injected synchronously enters the molten pool to be melted, and a part is rebounded by the surface of the molten pool. A part of the cladding material sprayed outside the molten pool is rebounded on the processing base surface. Generally, the larger the working inclination angle of the cladding nozzle, the easier it is for the rebounded and splashed cladding material to enter the inner cavity of the support frame under the cladding nozzle In particular, for cladding nozzles that perform cladding operations at large inclination angle processing positions and upward positions, the splashed cladding material will directly enter the inner cavity of the support frame. When the cladding material touches the focusing lens or adheres to the After the focusing lens is attached, it will pollute the mirror surface and cause heat to damage the focusing lens, thereby reducing or losing the focusing performance and causing serious consequences

[0004] Because the high-temperature melt in the laser cladding pool will flow or drip when the inclination angle of the processing base surface is too large, and the splashing of the cladding material will pollute and damage the focusing lens, so far the base surface of laser cladding is usually only in the horizontal plane or small angle inclined surface

However, in practical applications, the forming of complex components, the 3D forming of large overhangs, twists, and closures, the online in-situ repair of large equipment components that are inconvenient to move and disassemble, etc., will all have different spatial inclinations or even elevations. The cladding nozzle is required to have a greater inclination angle and spatial freedom to achieve ±180° arbitrary orientation without dead angle cladding, 3D forming or repair operations

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