Multi-party semi-quantum secret sharing method and system based on single photon

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of semi-quantum communication, and discloses a multi-party semi-quantum secret sharing method and system based on a single photon. The multi-party semi-quantum secret sharing method comprises the steps that a secret distributor splits a classic information code into quantum states; and the participant receives the quantum state through semi-quantum cryptography communication, then recovers a part of secret information through quantum operation, and recovers original secret information through honesty cooperation. The secret sharing scheme does not depend on entangled-state particles, but adopts single particles, so that the secret sharing scheme has higher practicability in practice; according to the protocol, a classic party does not need to have complete quantum capacity, and the requirement for quantum equipment resources is lowered; according to the multi-party semi-quantum secret sharing method, secret sharing between a secret distributor and multiple parties is completed, but not limited to secret sharing among the three parties; and according to the scheme, internal attacks and external entanglement attacks can be resisted, and safety feasibility is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of semi-quantum communication, and in particular relates to a multi-party semi-quantum secret sharing method and system based on single photons. Background technique [0002] Currently, the closest prior art: [0003] Semi-quantum cryptography communication is a research branch of quantum communication, which refers to the communication between communicators with complete quantum ability and limited quantum ability. It does not require both communication parties to have complete quantum capabilities, but it improves the security of the communication process through quantum mechanical properties, and at the same time reduces the dependence on quantum device resources. In 2007, Boyer et al. proposed the definition and application ideas of the semi-quantum protocol. Based on the half-quantum idea, they proposed the first half-quantum cryptography protocol based on BB84. Since then, researchers have begun to ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] (1) The previous quantum secret sharing schemes based on Bell state, GHZ state or multi-particle entangled state have technical obstacles in the preparation stage of the particle state. Such protocols use the entanglement characteristics of Bell state, GHZ state or multi-particle entangled state to Realize the quantum secret sharing scheme. However, the preparation of entangled state needs to consume more resources, and it is not easy to prepare and measure under the existing technology. These technical obstacles greatly reduce the practicability of this kind of quantum secret sharing scheme.

[0009] (2) The single-particle-based quantum secret sharing scheme abandons the use of entangled particles and uses single particles to complete quantum secret sharing, but such protocols are difficult to guarantee the security of particle transmission

[0010] (3) Whether it is a quantum secret sharing scheme based on single photons or entangled particles, both communication parties are required to have complete quantum capabilities. For example, both network information service providers and ordinary customers are required to have complete quantum capabilities. Seriously hinders the commercialization and popularization of quantum secret sharing

[0012] The quantum secret sharing method and sharing system based on Bell state particles, GHZ state particles or multi-particle entanglement states use the measurement collapse of entangled particles to complete quantum secret sharing in the overall design, while Bell state particles, GHZ state particles and multi-particle The entangled state is difficult to prepare and measure under the existing technology, and the cost is high. These technical obstacles make the commercialization and popularization of quantum secret schemes and systems relying on Bell state particles, GHZ state particles or multi-particle entangled states seem impractical.

[0013] The preparation and storage of single-particle state is easier and more stable than the preparation and storage of Bell state particles, GHZ state particles or multi-particle entangled state, but its safety is difficult to be effectively guaranteed

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