Early warning and fire extinguishing system for accurately detecting thermal runaway of lithium ion batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses an early warning and fire extinguishing system for accurately detecting thermal runaway of lithium ion batteries. The early warning fire extinguishing system is characterized in that a detection unit comprises multiple detection devices and a circuit board, wherein the multiple detection devices are fixed on the circuit board, the installation position of each detection device corresponds to the position of a pressure release valve of the detected single battery, and each detection device can cover the corresponding pressure release valve; an early warning unit is connected with a communication unit; a fire-fighting unit comprises fire extinguishers and fire-fighting pipelines, wherein each fire extinguisher is connected with a single battery through the corresponding fire-fighting pipeline; and the communication unit is connected with the detection unit and the fire-fighting unit, and is connected with a battery management system of a detected battery pack. Theearly warning fire extinguishing system has the beneficial effects that through the multiple detection devices, the positions of the thermal runaway batteries are accurately detected, the circuit iscut off, and the thermal runaway diffusion is prevented; each fire extinguisher in the fire-fighting unit is connected with each single battery through the corresponding fire-fighting pipeline, so that accurate extinguishing fire and cooling are conducted on the positions of the thermal runaway batteries; and the thermal runaway reason is explored, and then the optimization of the battery pack isrealized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of battery safety, in particular to an early warning and fire protection system for accurately detecting thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries are the main energy source of electric vehicles. The development and application of electric vehicles are largely affected by the performance of power batteries. However, lithium-ion batteries are more sensitive to temperature. When the temperature is too high, thermal runaway is very easy to occur , leading to safety accidents. Thermal runaway refers to the rapid change in the self-temperature rise rate of the battery caused by the exothermic chain reaction of the single battery, causing overheating, fire, explosion and other phenomena. [0003] At present, various battery manufacturers and R&D personnel have conducted extensive research on the safe application of lithium-ion batteries, such as adding flame retardants to...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, various battery manufacturers and R&D personnel have conducted extensive research on the safe application of lithium-ion batteries, such as adding flame retardants to the inside of the battery, and on-line monitoring and electrical monitoring of the battery management system (BMS) for the entire pack of batteries. Intervention, detection using thermal runaway detectors, and fire suppression, etc., however, these methods have their application limitations

Adding flame retardant inside the battery is to increase the safety of the battery on the battery body and reduce the probability of thermal runaway of the battery, but it will reduce the energy density and service life of the battery; while BMS online monitoring and electrical intervention use the control of battery voltage and current. Detection, in order to manage the charge and discharge of the battery pack and balance the battery, and cut off the electrical circuit of the battery when thermal runaway occurs, but it cannot complete the extinguishing of the open flame and achieve the effect of cooling; the detection of the thermal runaway detector And fire suppression is to install detectors in the battery pack for early warning and control the fire extinguisher suspended inside or outside the battery pack to spray fire extinguishing media for fire extinguishing and cooling. However, this is done at the level of the entire battery pack or battery pack. When the battery When thermal runaway occurs in the system, the fire extinguishing medium can only be sprayed on the entire battery pack in a large area, and it is impossible to accurately detect the location of the single battery where the thermal runaway occurs, and it is impossible to accurately extinguish the fire and cool down. , the fire extinguishing effect of the large-scale eruption of the fire extinguishing medium may be unsatisfactory

Images