An in-situ detection method of three-dimensional topography of tool wear based on inversion topography

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-situ detection method of three-dimensional topography of tool wear based on the reverse topography method, which comprises the following steps: selecting soft metal as the material for imprinting wear topography; placing the tool in a beaker filled with acetone solution for ultrasonic Cleaning; determine the measurement mark points; install the workpiece and the soft metal to be processed on different positions of the machine tool with fixtures; control the movement of the machine tool to slowly pull out the tool, and use the tool to process the workpiece; obtain the wear of the tool on the soft metal The three-dimensional shape of the imprint; remove the soft metal, and use a non-contact surface profile measuring instrument to measure the soft metal; process the measurement image. The invention can perform in-situ measurement on the three-dimensional shape of the tool wear zone, has high measurement precision and simple measurement process. In the present invention, the workpiece and the soft metal are clamped at different positions, and the workpiece does not need to be disassembled when re-engraving the wear profile, which avoids large errors caused by the disassembly and assembly of the workpiece for subsequent processing. The invention can realize in-situ detection.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of precision measurement, and relates to an in-situ detection method for three-dimensional topography of tool wear based on an inversion topography method. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of science and technology, ultra-precision machining has gradually become an important supporting technology for modern high-tech warfare, and it is also the basis for the development of modern high-tech industries and science and technology, as well as the development direction of modern manufacturing science. However, for ultra-precision machining, there must be ultra-precision machining tools that meet the requirements, and diamond tools are one of them. Diamond tools have the advantages of extremely high hardness and wear resistance, low friction coefficient, high elastic modulus, high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, and low affinity with non-ferrous metals. They are wid...

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Problems solved by technology

The optical microscopic measurement method will be affected by the diffraction effect of light and cannot meet the measurement requirements at the nanometer level; when using a scanning electron microscope to measure, it is necessary to coat a layer of conductive film material on the surface of the tool, which will pollute the tool; the atomic force microscope ( Although AFM) has extremely high resolution and measurement accuracy, its measurement range is only 2-4 μm, which cannot accurately characterize the accurate shape of the cutting edge area, and it is difficult for atomic force measurement equipment to be highly integrated on the machine tool , generally used for off-line measurement

Chinese patent CN200910031737.9 discloses a method for measuring tool wear in CNC milling based on shape replication. In this method, workpiece materials and copy materials are installed on the same CNC machine tool table, and the tool shapes before and after processing are respectively copied to the copy materials. In fact, the measurement of tool wear is realized by instrumental measurement and mathematical processing of the copied topography before and after. This method can greatly improve the utilization rate of the machine tool, but this method does not consider impurities such as chips adhered to the tool during processing. , which will affect the measurement accuracy, so it cannot meet the measurement of high-precision tools. In addition, this method needs to disassemble the workpiece for measurement, which will affect the subsequent processing accuracy

[0004] Although the above detection methods can reflect the wear degree of the tool, they also have disadvantages such as low measurement accuracy, too much influence by external factors, and cumbersome measurement process.

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