Dendrite-free alloy negative electrode with solid-liquid phase conversion mechanism and preparation method of dendrite-free alloy negative electrode

A technology of alloy negative electrode and liquid phase transformation, applied in the direction of negative electrode, electrode manufacturing, battery electrode, etc., to achieve high safety and long cycle stability, high interface stability, and solve the effect of dendrite growth

Active Publication Date: 2021-08-13
HARBIN INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

In the present invention, by designing an alloy negative electrode with a solid-liquid phase transformation mechanism, the phase transformation process from solid phase to liquid phase and then to solid phase c

Method used

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  • Dendrite-free alloy negative electrode with solid-liquid phase conversion mechanism and preparation method of dendrite-free alloy negative electrode
  • Dendrite-free alloy negative electrode with solid-liquid phase conversion mechanism and preparation method of dendrite-free alloy negative electrode
  • Dendrite-free alloy negative electrode with solid-liquid phase conversion mechanism and preparation method of dendrite-free alloy negative electrode

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Embodiment 1

[0030] In this embodiment, the dendrite-free alloy negative electrode with a solid-liquid phase transformation mechanism includes a liquid alloy, a three-dimensional framework compatible with the liquid alloy and having a porous structure. Such as figure 1 As shown, the alloy negative electrode is introduced into the pores of the porous carbon material in the molten state, and the molten liquid phase alloy negative electrode is fixed by relying on the pore size and capillary action. The mass ratio of the alloy to the skeleton can be realized by adjusting the porosity of the skeleton, and can be adjusted between 5-95wt.%.

Embodiment 2

[0032] figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the solid-liquid two-phase transition mechanism of the alloy negative electrode in the charging and discharging process of the battery (taking Na-K two-phase alloy as an example). Both the initial charging state and the discharging cut-off state exist in the form of solid phase (1). During the charging process, sodium ions get electrons on the surface of the alloy negative electrode to precipitate metal sodium, the ratio of phase elements on the surface of the alloy negative electrode changes, and the surface phase of the alloy negative electrode changes from solid phase to molten liquid phase state. With the further increase of sodium in the alloy ratio Large, the alloy phase of the negative electrode gradually changes from the surface to the interior of the bulk phase into a molten liquid phase until the overall phase composition of the sodium alloy negative electrode reaches (2) Charging is terminated. During the entire chargi...

Embodiment 3

[0034] The porous carbon material is used as the matrix, and the graphene surface modification of the porous carbon material is carried out by means of in-situ surface modification, and a three-dimensional skeleton with a porous structure compatible with the liquid alloy is prepared; an appropriate amount of Na and K are placed together, and in Heating to above 70°C in an inert atmosphere, and keeping it warm for 1-10 hours to fully mix the metals, then cooling the alloy to room temperature to obtain the target alloy, and placing a three-dimensional skeleton with a porous structure in the melted alloy at 300-1000°C , make it adsorb the liquid alloy, and after the holes are completely filled with the alloy, take it out from the liquid alloy, cool to room temperature, and obtain the alloy negative electrode.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a dendrite-free alloy negative electrode with a solid-liquid phase conversion mechanism and a preparation method of the dendrite-free alloy negative electrode. The dendrite-free alloy negative electrode comprises liquid alloy and a three-dimensional skeleton which is compatible with the liquid alloy and has a porous structure. The three-dimensional skeleton with a porous structure is used as a carrier of the liquid alloy and a supporting body of the electrode. The pores of the three-dimensional skeleton with a porous structure are filled with the liquid alloy, and the liquid alloy is in full contact with the three-dimensional skeleton with a porous structure, so that the alloy negative electrode with solid-liquid phase conversion is formed. By designing the alloy negative electrode with a solid-liquid phase conversion mechanism, the phase conversion process from a solid phase to a liquid phase and then to the solid phase can be realized in the charge-discharge process, so that the problem of lithium dendrites in the cycle process of a secondary alkali metal battery is solved, and the cycle stability and safety of the battery are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of chemical power sources, and relates to a dendrite-free alloy negative electrode with a solid-liquid phase transformation mechanism and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, the demand and performance requirements for lithium-ion batteries have increased sharply, and lithium-ion batteries urgently need to develop in the direction of higher energy density. The anode (negative electrode) material is an important factor affecting the energy density of lithium-ion batteries. At present, commercial lithium-ion batteries mainly use graphite or modified graphite-based negative electrode materials. However, the maximum theoretical lithium intercalation capacity of graphite is only 372mAh / g, and now the actual capacity is very close to the theoretical capacity, so there is little room for improvement. Therefore, it has been ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/04H01M10/054
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/0476H01M10/054H01M2004/021H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 高云智吴李斌付传凯
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH
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