Undulating surface Q offset seismic imaging method and device and terminal equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an undulating surface Q migration seismic imaging method and device and terminal equipment, and the method comprises the steps: building an equivalent speed model on a reference surface and an equivalent speed model under the reference surface through employing an undulating surface direct pre-stack time migration method based on the pre-stack seismic data of a target work area and a preset reference surface; establishing a near-surface equivalent Q value model by adopting a near-surface Q value scanning method; establishing an equivalent Q value model below the reference surface by adopting a local window constant Q scanning analysis method, and recording the equivalent Q value model as a mid-deep layer equivalent Q value model; and performing undulating surface Q migration imaging on the target work area based on the equivalent velocity model on the reference plane, the equivalent velocity model under the reference plane, the near-surface equivalent Q value model and the mid-deep layer equivalent Q value model to obtain a profile image of the undulating surface Q migration imaging. According to the method, the imaging efficiency can be remarkably improved, meanwhile, a high-resolution seismic migration imaging image can be obtained, and generation of obvious social benefits and economic values is facilitated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, in particular to a method, device and terminal equipment for seismic imaging of undulating surface Q migration. Background technique [0002] For high-resolution seismic imaging and inversion under complex surface conditions, most current methods and technologies use wave equations that can accurately describe the propagation characteristics of seismic wavefields under complex geological conditions to develop imaging and inversion methods in the depth domain (such as time-reversal migration, full waveform inversion, etc.), although this type of method has more advantages in imaging accuracy and adaptability to complex geological conditions than time-domain ray-based methods, but the accurate estimation of layer velocity and The layer Q value model is very difficult, so it is difficult to apply to the low signal-to-noise ratio seismic data collected in the actual 3D undulating surface....

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a Q migration seismic imaging method, device and terminal equipment for the undulating surface, aiming at solving the difficulty in the prior art to simultaneously establish a unified The accurate Q value model cannot accurately eliminate the absorption and attenuation of the formation during the seismic wave propagation process, resulting in the problem that the high-resolution seismic imaging of the undulating surface cannot be truly realized

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