Ladder energy dissipater with doped gas device preposed

[0035] Example 1

[0036] The stepped energy dissipater of the pre-aeration device in this embodiment is used in the power station engineering hub, and the water collection area of ​​the power station is 5317km 2 , The site control catchment area is 5754km 2. The maximum working head of the spillway of the power station is 140m, and the maximum discharge flow is 760m 3 /s, the designed spillway width is 10m, the bottom slope θ is 18°, and the maximum single-width flow is 76m 3 /s.m.

[0037]The structure of the stepped energy dissipater of the pre-aeration device in this embodiment is shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and includes a step 4 arranged on the bottom slope 1 of the spillway and an aeration device located upstream of the step. The aeration device consists of a sill 2, a vent hole 3 and a gas well 7; the sill 2 is set on the bottom slope 1 of the spillway, and its shape is "wedge", its slope i is 1:5, and its height Δ 1 = 1m, the distance L between its rear end and the front end of the first step in the step 0 =40m; There are two vent holes 3, which are located on the two side walls 6 of the spillway and are close to the rear face of the sill 2, the size of the vent holes is 1.85m×1.5m; there are two vent holes 7, which are located on the outside of the two side walls of the spillway. , The upper end is connected to the atmosphere, and the lower end is connected to the corresponding vent hole. The size of the vent hole is m×n=1.5m×1.5m. The steps 4 fall down h vertically under the original slope, and then are arranged horizontally for a distance L, so that they are alternately arranged, the height of the steps is h=1.5m, and the length L=4.5m.

[0038] Experimental tests show that the energy dissipator in this embodiment can protect the surface of the steps and avoid cavitation damage, and the energy dissipation rate is about 70%.

[0039] The ladder 4 can also adopt a structure that is arranged horizontally for a certain distance L under the original slope, and then vertically dropped h, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The stepped energy dissipater of the pre-aeration device in this embodiment is used for a single-width flow rate of 50-70m 3 /s.m, a hydropower project with a dam surface overflow bottom slope θ of 13°.

[0042] The structure of the stepped energy dissipater of the pre-aeration device in this embodiment is shown in Figs. 7 and 8, and includes a step 4 arranged on the overflow bottom slope 1 of the dam surface and an aeration device located upstream of the step. The aeration device consists of a sill 2, aeration trough 8, a vent 3 and a gas well 7; the sill 2 is set on the bottom slope 1 where the dam surface overflows, and its shape is "wedge", and its slope i is 1:10, its height Δ 1 =0.5m, the distance L between its rear end and the front end of the first step in the step 0 =42m; the aeration trough 8 is located on the overflow bottom slope of the dam surface and under the sill 2, the trough depth Δ=1.5m, and its range is the area enclosed by a, b, c, and d; there are two ventilation holes 3 , Are located on the overflow walls 6 on both sides of the dam surface and close to the rear end of the sill 2, the size of the ventilation holes is 1.5m×1.5m; there are two ventilation wells 7, which are located on the outside of the overflow walls 6 of the dam surface. The upper end is open to the atmosphere, and the lower end is connected to the corresponding vent hole. The size of the vent hole is m×n=1.5m×1.5m. The steps 4 fall down h vertically under the original slope, and then level a distance L, alternately arranged in this way, the height of the steps is h=2m, and the length L=9m.

[0043] The ladder 4 can also adopt a structure that is arranged horizontally for a certain distance L under the original slope and then vertically dropped h, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] The stepped energy dissipater of the pre-aeration device in this embodiment is used for a single-width flow rate of 50-70m 3 /s.m, a hydropower project with a spillway bottom slope θ of 15°.

[0046] The structure of the stepped energy dissipater of the pre-aeration device in this embodiment is shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, and includes a step 4 arranged on the bottom slope 1 of the spillway and an aeration device located upstream of the step. The aeration device is composed of a sill 2, a sill 9, a vent hole 3 and a gas well 7; the sill 2 is set on the bottom slope 1 of the spillway, and its shape is "wedge", and its slope i is 1:10, Its height Δ 1 =0.5m, the distance L between its rear end and the front end of the first step in the step 0 =39.78m; slam 9 is located on the bottom slope of the spillway and below slam 2, the slam height Δ 2 =1.5m; There are two vent holes 3, which are located on the two side walls 6 of the spillway and are close to the back end of the sill 2. The size of the vent holes is 1.85m×1.5m; there are two vent holes 7, which are located on both sides of the spillway. On the outside, the upper end is open to the atmosphere, and the lower end is connected to the corresponding vent hole. The size of the vent hole is m×n=1.85m×1.5m. The steps 4 fall down h vertically under the original slope, and then are arranged horizontally for a distance L, so that they are alternately arranged, the height of the steps is h=2m, and the length L=7.5m.

[0047] Experimental tests show that the energy dissipator in this embodiment can make the surface aeration concentration of 5%-9%, can protect the surface of the steps and avoid cavitation damage, and the energy dissipation rate is about 70%.

[0048] The ladder 4 can also adopt a structure that is arranged horizontally for a certain distance L under the original slope, and then vertically dropped h alternately, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10.