Method for reducing horizontal current in aluminum liquid of aluminum reduction cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a Hall-Heroult electrolysis-process primary aluminum production technique and an aluminum reduction cell for implementing the industrial production method. Particularly, the invention relates to a method for reducing horizontal current in aluminum liquid of the aluminum reduction cell. The method comprises the following steps that: at least one cathode steel bar (3) is bound to or cast in the lower part of a cathode carbon block (1); at least one current-conducting plate or current-conducting bar (5) is laid on the lower part of a cathode carbon block (1); the current-conducting plate or current-conducting bar (5) is partially connected with the cathode steel bar (3) in the cathode carbon block (1); and current is led out from the side of the reduction cell throughthe current-conducting plate or current-conducting bar (5) and the cathode steel bar (3). The method has the advantages of remarkably reducing horizontal current in aluminum liquid under the condition of without changing the mode of leading out cathode current, ensuring more uniform distribution of the cathode current, improving the stability of the reduction cell, prolonging the life span of thecell and enabling the reduction cell to be easier to operate and manage.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the production of primary aluminum by the Hall-Elu electrolysis method, and an aluminum electrolytic cell for implementing the industrial production method. Specifically, the invention relates to a method for reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid of the aluminum electrolytic cell. Background technique [0002] Metal aluminum is produced industrially by molten salt electrolysis, that is, electrolytically dissolving alumina in an electrolyte with molten cryolite as the main component. At present, the main method used is the Hall-Heroult electrolysis method. [0003] The direct equipment for the production of electrolytic aluminum is the electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell is mainly composed of two parts, one part is the anode, which is made of carbon material into blocks; the other part is the cathode, which is made of carbon blocks and lining materials. [0004] The aluminum electrolytic cell is connected i...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the electrolytic cell of this structure, there is a very big disadvantage in the cathode conductive structure: because the cathode steel rod and the cathode carbon block are placed horizontally in the same direction, a very large horizontal current is generated in the aluminum liquid, which is in line with the vertical magnetic field in the aluminum liquid The action produces very harmful electromagnetic force, which causes serious instability in the production of the electrolytic cell and reduces the current efficiency

The problem of cathode current density distribution and the existence of horizontal current limit the design of modern large-scale electrolyzers to develop in a wide direction, resulting in a serious imbalance in aspect ratio

[0006] In order to reduce the adverse effects brought by the horizontal current, it is often necessary to strictly control the distribution of the vertical magnetic field in the molten aluminum in the design of the electrolytic cell, which not only increases the difficulty of the design of the cathode busbar, but also leads to complex cathode configuration, large busbar consumption, and increased investment.

[0007] As the capacity of the electrolytic cell increases and the width of the electrolytic cell increases, the horizontal current generated by the existing cathode conductive structure will be larger, the current density distribution on the surface of the cathode carbon block will be more uneven, and the production stability of the aluminum electrolytic cell will be more stable. deterioration, the current efficiency is difficult to meet the ideal requirements, which restricts the development of large-capacity aluminum electrolytic cells and restricts the improvement of aluminum industry production technology

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