Method for assembling zinc oxide nano-chain by using DNA as template

The invention discloses a method for assembling a zinc oxide nano-chain by using DNA as a template, comprising the following steps of: (1) mixing and stirring an aqueous solution of DNA, an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate and an aqueous solution of hexamethylenetetramine; (2) heating to 60 DEG C-80 DEG C and keeping the temperature for 0.5-4h; and (3) reducing the temperature to room temperature of 20 DEG C-25 DEG C and carrying out ultrasound treatment in an ultrasound wave dispersion instrument for 10-20 minutes and sampling to obtain the zinc oxide nano-chain by using the DNA as the template. The method is simple, easily obtains raw materials, consumes less energy and reduces the pollution to the environment; the equipment is less and the cost is low, so the method is suitable for batch production; the reaction time is short, the yield is high and no toxicity and harm exist, so that the method provides the possibility for preparing the zinc oxide nano-chain on a large scale; and zinc oxide nano-chains with different shapes can be constructed by operating the space structure of biological macromolecule DNA. The invention can simultaneously solve the problems of the control of the size and the shape of nanometer materials and the dispersion stability.