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Methods of improving genetic profiles of dairy animals and products

A genetic map and animal technology, applied in the field of improving the genetic map of dairy animals and products, can solve the problems of inability to make great progress and low frequency

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-01-19
PFIZER INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

If the latter, it is possible to use marker knowledge to select for favorable recombinants containing favorable alleles from several linked genes, often of such low frequency that traditional selection cannot make much progress

Method used

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  • Methods of improving genetic profiles of dairy animals and products
  • Methods of improving genetic profiles of dairy animals and products

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0113] Example 1: Determining associations between genetic markers and phenotypic traits or profiles

[0114] Genome-wide simultaneous discovery and fine-mapping of gene-based quantitative traits (quantitative trait loci: QTLs) requires genetic markers with dense coverage of the entire genome. As described in this example, from microsatellite markers and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers with previously estimated positions in the bovine genome, and from SNP markers at inferred positions for sex and human / bovine comparative map A marker map with dense coverage genome-wide was constructed. A new linkage mapping package was developed as an extension of the CRIMAP software (Green et al., Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, 1990) to enable more efficient genome-wide mapping of dense distributions in well-defined domestic herds. Mapping of markers (Liu and Grosz, Abstract C014; Grapes et al., Abstract W244; 2006 Proceedings of the XIV Plant and Animal Ge...

Embodiment 2

[0124] Example 2: Improving progeny traits using single nucleotide polymorphisms and genetic maps

[0125] To improve the population average genetic merit for a selected trait, one or more markers significantly associated with that trait can be used to select for breeding animals. In the case of each locus found, a marker allele (or a haplotype of multiple marker alleles) that is in population-wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the favorable QTL allele is used will increase the breeding value of the animals used for breeding, increasing the frequency of that QTL allele in the population over time and thereby increasing the population average genetic advantage for that trait. This increased genetic advantage can be spread across commercial populations to fully realize its value.

[0126] Furthermore, multiple markers can be used simultaneously, for example, when genetic maps are used to improve traits in progeny. In this case, multiple markers are determined and weighed ac...

Embodiment 3

[0147] Example 3: Identification of SNPs

[0148] If the nucleic acid sequence contains at least 20 consecutive nucleotides comprising and / or adjacent to the polymorphisms described in Table 1 or Table 2 and the sequence listing, then the nucleic acid sequence contains the SNP according to the embodiment of the present invention. Alternatively, in cases where the shorter contiguous nucleotide sequence is unique in the bovine genome, the polymorphism described in Table 1 or Table 2 and the Sequence Listing or adjacent to the shorter Contiguous stretches of nucleotides to identify SNPs. Typically, a SNP site is characterized by a consensus sequence comprising a polymorphic site therein, the position of the polymorphic site, and the various alleles at the polymorphic site. "Consensus sequence" refers to a DNA sequence constructed to be identical at each nucleotide position of an aligned cluster of sequences.

[0149] These SNPs have a nucleic acid sequence that has at least 90%...

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Abstract

The present invention provides methods for improving desirable dairy traits through the use of a genetic profile. Also provided are methods for determining an animal's genotype with respect to multiple markers used in the analysis of the genetic profile. In some embodiments, the genetic profile includes at least one marker associated with the polled trait. The invention also provides methods for selecting or allocating animal for predetermined uses, for picking potential parent animal for breeding, and for producing improved dairy products.

Description

[0001] This application claims the benefit of US Provisional Application No. 61 / 014,904, filed December 19, 2007, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. [0002] Incorporation of Sequence Listings [0003] Filed concurrently with this article (under 37C.F.R. §1.1.821), the Sequence Listing contains 29,629 bytes (28.9 kilobytes) (measured in MS-Windows XP) created on December 12, 2008 File named "Polled_ProductSEQLIST_final.txt", the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. technical field [0004] The present invention relates to improved genetic profiles of dairy animals, products comprising the improved genetic profiles and methods of producing these products. More specifically, the present invention relates to the use of genetic markers in methods of improving dairy cows and milk products for a variety of performance traits including, but not limited to, hornless / horned phenotypes, productivity and fitness traits and other traits....

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01N33/48
CPCC12Q1/6888C12Q2600/156C12Q2600/124
Inventor 爱德华·J·卡吉尔迈克尔·D·格罗斯尼古拉斯·J·尼辛格
Owner PFIZER INC
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