Method for diagnosing bearing fault

A diagnostic method and bearing technology, applied in mechanical bearing testing, instruments, speed/acceleration/shock measurement, etc., can solve the problems of failure to extract shock features, difficult real-time monitoring, and large amount of calculation, and achieve good adaptability, calculation, etc. The effect of fast speed and simple algorithm

Active Publication Date: 2014-12-17
BEIJING UNIV OF CHEM TECH
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  • Description
  • Claims
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Problems solved by technology

However, the envelope demodulation must first perform band-pass filtering or high-pass filtering on the vibration signal. If the filter parameters are not selected properly, the extraction of shock features may fail.
Time-frequency analysis, such as wavelet and Wegener distribution, etc., are fault diagnosis methods with relatively high accuracy. Difficult in engineering practice

Method used

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  • Method for diagnosing bearing fault
  • Method for diagnosing bearing fault
  • Method for diagnosing bearing fault

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0056] Such as figure 1 As shown, the time-domain waveform diagram of the vibration acceleration signal of a SKF6025 rolling bearing with an outer ring fault. The vibration acceleration signal is measured by an acceleration sensor installed on the bearing seat. During the experiment, the rotation frequency of the shaft is set to 20Hz, the sampling frequency is 20480Hz, and the sampling length is 10240 points. The fault of the outer ring is that a square groove with a width of 0.2m and a depth of 0.2m is cut on the outer ring by laser cutting. Through calculation, we can know that the fault characteristic frequency of 6205 bearing is 70Hz. Such as figure 2 shown, for figure 1 The shape spectrum of the vibration acceleration signal of the outer ring fault rolling bearing shown has a very obvious peak at the frequency of 70 Hz, so it can be seen that there is a very obvious impact with a period of 70 Hz in the bearing acceleration signal. Such as image 3 Shown is the faul...

Embodiment 2

[0058] Such as Figure 4 As shown, a waveform diagram of the vibration acceleration signal of an SKF6205 rolling bearing with an inner ring fault. During the experiment, the rotation frequency, sampling frequency and sampling length of the shaft are the same as those in Example 1. Through calculation, it can be known that the fault characteristic frequency of the inner ring of the bearing is 108Hz. Such as Figure 5 As shown, it is the shape spectrum of the vibration acceleration signal of the inner ring fault rolling bearing, and there is a very obvious peak at the frequency of 108Hz. Such as Image 6 As shown, the periodic fault shocks are finally extracted. Therefore, it can be easily judged that there is an inner ring fault in the bearing.

Embodiment 3

[0060] Such as Figure 7 As shown, the time-domain waveform diagram of the vibration acceleration signal of a normal SKF6205 bearing. Such as Figure 8 Shown is its morphological spectrum. The morphological spectrum of the signal shows that it is relatively flat, and there is no peak with a large amplitude, so it can be judged that the bearing is in a normal state.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for diagnosing a bearing fault, which comprises the following steps of: (1) acquiring a vibration acceleration signal of a bearing by using an acceleration transducer; (2) acquiring a form spectrum of the vibration acceleration signal by adopting a morphologic closing computation mode; (3) determining parameters of a morphologic structural unit according to the form spectrum in the step (2), and extracting a fault impact sequence; and (4) observing whether an obvious peak is present at a fault characteristic frequency on the form spectrum in the step (2), or observing whether the extracted impact sequence in the step (3) has obvious periodicity and corresponds to the corresponding fault characteristic frequency to judge whether a rotating machine has a fault. By the method, signals are not required to be filtered, and a window effect is avoided. The method is simple and has better adaptability, and the parameters are not needed to be determined in advance. Impact pulses generated due to the bearing fault can be directly extracted, other unrelated information is eliminated, and the method has obvious physical significance. The structure is simple, the computing speed is high, and real-time monitoring can be realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a mechanical state monitoring and fault diagnosis method, in particular to a diagnosis method for extracting the fault impact of a rolling bearing. Background technique [0002] Rolling bearings are key components of rotating machinery and also vulnerable parts. It is of great engineering significance to carry out condition monitoring and fault diagnosis on rolling bearings. When there is a defect in a rolling bearing, periodic shocks will occur when the damaged point comes into contact with other components. How to effectively extract impact features from vibration acceleration signals is a key issue for judging the location of rolling bearing defects and the degree of damage. Traditional rolling bearing fault diagnosis methods include spectrum analysis, envelope demodulation, and time-frequency analysis. However, spectrum analysis needs to use more orthogonal simple harmonic trigonometric functions to approximate the impac...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01M13/04G01P15/00
Inventor 江志农何威冯坤马波马晋
Owner BEIJING UNIV OF CHEM TECH
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