Novel shed pear tree fruiting branch group and culturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a novel shed pear tree fruiting branch group. The novel shed pear tree fruiting branch group comprises a rotary shaft branch 3a, a rotary shaft branch 3b and a fruiting shaft 4 which are sequentially born on a bough 1, a short fruit spur group 5 is born on the fruiting shaft 4, and an extensible shaft 61 forming a 60-degree angle with a shed and a straight extensible branch 62 are sequentially born at the tip of the fruiting shaft 4. The culturing method of the novel shed pear tree fruiting branch group includes: setting culturing time of a long fruiting branch group 2 and selecting twigs; culturing the rotary shaft branches 3; culturing and luring the fruiting shaft 4 of the long fruiting branch group; culturing short fruit spurs on the fruiting shaft 4 and the short fruit spur group 5; maintaining the fruiting shaft 4 of the long fruiting branch group 2 after leveling and putting the fruiting shaft 4 on the shed, and the like. The novel shed pear tree fruiting branch group is compared with conventional shed pear tree fruiting branch group, the service life of the fruiting branch group is prolonged to 6-8 years from 3-4 years of the conventional fruiting branch group, weight of single fruit of every 667m<2> is increased by 11.6-17.2%, yield is increased by 60.0-81.7%, fruit uniformity is improved, and trimming labor cost is reduced by 26.5%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the fields of fruit tree cultivation and fruit tree ecology, and in particular relates to a scaffolding pear fruiting branch group and a cultivation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The scaffolding tree shape is a related cultivation technology introduced from Japan in the 1990s. At present, scaffolding pear cultivation has been carried out in Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Hubei, Sichuan, Henan, Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing and other provinces and cities, and the area is expanding year by year. . Practice has proved that the scaffold-shaped tree shape not only has the advantage of wind resistance, but also has incomparable advantages in fruit quality, especially in terms of fruit uniformity, and is an important way of high-quality and standardized cultivation. . However, there are still many technical problems in the cultivation of scaffold pears in my country, the biggest problem is the low yield. The average yie...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

There is no limit to the number of branches of the fruiting branch group, and the fruiting branch group will grow a larger fruiting branch group, causing the fruiting part to be far away from the big branch, the fruit shape becomes smaller, and the quality declines. The rear part of the branch group is closed, but there is an obvious " Big empty”, the utilization rate of the shelf surface is low, and it is difficult to increase the yield of scaffold pears; the fourth is that the life span of the fruiting branches is short

The fruiting branch group generally begins to age after 3 to 4 years of use, manifested in the outward movement of the fruiting part, weak apex, a large number of vigorous branches at the back, and thin flower buds; A "quasi-trunk branch" has to be renewed, resulting in a large amount of pruning in winter and an increase in pruning labor costs

Fifth, the cultivation of the fruiting branch group does not match the planting density and tree shape

Japan is a traditional trellis pear cultivation country. It adopts the sparse planting method and the three major main branches to reshape. The row spacing of permanent trees reaches 8m×8m or even 10m×10m. Despite the higher yield (per 1000m 2 yield 4~5t), but the number of years required for tree-shaped cultivation is long, and the resulting branches need to be updated frequently (generally once every 3-4 years, and a few varieties such as Xingshui even need to be updated every year), which requires high pruning techniques. It takes a lot of work, and with the aging of my country's agricultural population, the frequent update of branch groups obviously cannot meet the development needs of my country's pear industry under the new situation.

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