Wheat mutation breeding method

A technique of mutagenesis breeding and wheat, which is applied in the fields of botany equipment and methods, applications, plant gene improvement, etc., can solve the problems of weak competitive ability of mutant cells, low mutation rate, difficulty in growing into new individuals, etc., and achieve self-bred pure Effects of faster combination, less physiological damage, and shortened breeding period

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-09-18
WHEAT RES INST OF AGRI SCI
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, EMS mutagenesis of wheat is mostly used for seed treatment. Since the seed embryo is a multicellular tissue, only a few cells undergo mutation after treatment, thus forming a chimera of mutant cells and normal cells. The mutant cells have weak competitive ability and are not easy to grow into new individuals. , so the mutation rate is low

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment Construction

[0015] Take Jinmai No. 47 wheat variety as an example. Since its approval in 1995, Jinmai No. 47 wheat variety has been dominant in drylands due to its high and stable yield and strong drought resistance. However, the plant of Jinmai No. 47 is taller, the stem elasticity is poor, and it is prone to lodging in wet years or fertile dry land. The goal of our experiment is to improve the plant height and stem elasticity of Jinmai 47 on the basis of retaining the excellent characteristics.

[0016] Trials began in 2009. Wheat variety Jinmai 47 was sowed and planted at the test site, and EMS was used for pollen mutagenesis at the early flowering stage. Mutagenesis works around 9am or 3pm.

[0017] The specific steps of mutagenesis are as follows:

[0018] (1) Solvent preparation: prepare 1 / 15mol / L disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na 2 HPO 4 ) solution and 1 / 15mol / L sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH 2 PO 4 ) solution 100 mL each; take 1 / 15mol / L Na 2 HPO 4 Solution 61.1 mL, 1 / 15m...

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Abstract

The invention provides a wheat mutation breeding method and aims to improve the chemical mutagenesis efficiency, generate a relative high point mutation frequency and have relative little chromosomal aberration. The wheat mutation breeding method disclosed by the invention adopts a 0.5% EMS (Ethylmethane Sulfonate)-phosphoric acid buffering solution to treat wheat pollen to induce andro gametes to have variation so as to obtain variant seeds; the 0.5% EMS-phosphoric acid buffering solution takes a phosphoric acid buffering solution as a solvent and a chemical mutagen ethylmethane sulfonate EMS is diluted to the volume ratio concentration of 0.5%; the mol concentration of the phosphoric acid buffering solution is 1/15mol/L; the dosage of the 0.5% EMS-phosphoric acid buffering solution is 25-50 microliters on each floret; and the wheat pollen is pollen which is about to be ripe or pollen grains which are primarily ripe.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wheat breeding, and in particular relates to the construction of a wheat mutant library, germplasm innovation and genetic breeding methods. Background technique [0002] At present, the yield, quality, and resistance of most of the major wheat varieties planted in large areas in my country have been significantly improved. Individual traits can produce good economic and social benefits. Wheat mutation breeding is the artificial use of physical mutagen (such as X-rays, γ-rays, β-rays, neutrons, lasers, electron beams, ion beams, etc.) and chemical mutagenesis (such as alkylating agents, azides, bases, etc.) analogues, etc.) to induce genetic variation in wheat, to obtain useful mutants in a relatively short period of time, and according to the requirements of breeding objectives, select new varieties for direct production and use, or breed new germplasm as parents for use in breeding (that is, mutants ind...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01H1/06A01H1/04
Inventor 曹亚萍张明义范绍强张娟
Owner WHEAT RES INST OF AGRI SCI
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