[0016] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other if there is no conflict.
[0017] In order to optimize the survey technology of tunnel geology and obtain more accurate survey results, thereby providing reliable data for tunnel construction and improving the safety of tunnel construction, embodiments of the present invention provide a tunnel geology prediction method and system.
[0018] Such as figure 1 As shown in the flow chart of the prediction method of tunnel geology, the method includes the following steps:
[0019] Step S102, survey the geology of the tunnel with seismic wave reflection method;
[0020] Step S104: Determine the suspicious geological section according to the result of the aforementioned seismic wave reflection method survey;
[0021] Step S106: Perform advance drilling survey on the determined suspicious geological section to obtain geological analysis data of the suspicious geological section;
[0022] Step S108: Perform geological prediction based on the geological analysis data of the suspicious geological section.
[0023] The above-mentioned method of the embodiment of the present invention uses seismic wave reflection method and advance drilling method to conduct survey, and obtains the geological analysis data of the suspicious geological section. Because the data is integrated with the above-mentioned survey method, the reliability is relatively strong. The comparison of geological prediction based on the data Accurate, which in turn solves the problem that a single method of tunnel geological survey method cannot accurately predict the geological conditions of the tunnel, which leads to the problem of hidden safety hazards in tunnel construction, and improves the practicality of forecasting.
[0024] In order to enhance the effectiveness of the subsequent survey process and specifically determine the road sections that need to be surveyed, the above step S104 may include: determining the following locations in the results of the seismic wave reflection method survey as suspicious geological sections: may cause a collapse of 50m 3 The location of the above fault fracture zone; it can cause the water gushing speed to be 50m 3 Water-rich location above /h; location of bad geological body where mud and water burst.
[0025] The above-mentioned advanced drilling method for the suspicious geological section to obtain the geological analysis data of the suspicious geological section may include: 1) drilling the suspicious geological section to obtain the test data; 2) determining the geological analysis data of the suspicious geological section according to the test data, Among them, the geological analysis data includes at least one of the following: rock strength index, drillability index, formation lithology data, rock mass integrity, underground water inflow and water pressure data, and gas concentration and pressure data.
[0026] Taking into account the safety of construction, in the embodiment of the present invention, performing geological prediction based on the geological analysis data of the suspicious geological section may include: performing geological disaster nowcasting when at least one of the following conditions is determined based on the geological analysis data of the suspicious geological section :
[0027] 1) There is water inrush in the suspicious geological section;
[0028] 2) There is a landslide in the suspicious geological section;
[0029] 3) There is mud and water burst in the suspicious geological section;
[0030] 4) There is a rock burst in the suspicious geological section;
[0031] 5) Gas outburst exists in suspicious geological section.
[0032] It can be seen that the geological prediction method in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention is based on the advanced drilling method, combined with a variety of geophysical methods for comprehensive advanced geological prediction, forming a macro-prediction guide, micro-prediction, long-distance forecasting, medium and short-distance forecasting. method.
[0033] When the above method is specifically implemented, a combination of geophysical prospecting method (TSP203) + advanced drilling method (5 holes advanced drilling + deepened blasthole) can be used. For example: the seismic wave reflection method is used to predict the bad geology within the range of 100-150m in front of the palm; the advanced detection hole is used for verification based on the seismic wave reflection method exploration, and the geological conditions within about 30m in front of the palm are made For a more accurate forecast, 5 exploration holes (one of which takes the core) are arranged on each section, and the overlap length between the adjacent exploration holes is 5m. Comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the data obtained by multiple prediction and forecasting methods, mutual confirmation, and prediction and judgment based on the geological conditions, development rules, trends and precursors revealed by the face of the face, and corresponding optimization and adjustment measures based on the results of advanced geological prediction and prediction. To ensure construction safety and structural safety.
[0034] Taking into account the geological complexity of the tunnel underneath the underground river, the following takes the underground river tunnel as an example to illustrate the specific process of realizing the above geological forecast:
[0035] Step 1: Determine the location of the borehole and use seismic wave reflection method for long-distance detection to predict the location and scale of the watery or poorly water-rich geological bodies encountered during construction, predict the level of surrounding rock in the tunnel section, and detect rock formations Contact area belt and large-scale karst forms, forecast the integrity of the rock mass and the development of karst and groundwater, and forecast the possibility of water inrush; the long-distance detection distance is 100-150m in front of the head;
[0036] The results that can be obtained in this step include: accurately predicting the location and scale of bad geological bodies that cause collapse or landslides, such as fault fracture zones encountered in general tunnel construction; generally cannot be omitted, which can cause a collapse of 50m 3 The above unfavorable geological bodies; more accurately predict the fault fissure water encountered in general tunnel construction, karst caves encountered in karst tunnels, underground rivers, karst silt belts and gas tunnels that may encounter old kilns, old holes or other watery or The location and scale of poor water-rich geological bodies; generally cannot be omitted, which can cause large water gushing (50m 3 /h or above), even poor geological bodies with mud and water intrusion; more accurately predict the surrounding rock level of the section (the error is less than half a level); and can qualitatively predict the main bad geology of the section, such as landslides, mud and water inrush, etc. Possibility of construction geological disasters.
[0037] In addition, the seismic wave reflection method in this step can be detected by Tunnel Seismic Prediction (TSP); and the method to determine the location of the borehole is: blast holes are placed on the side wall of the tunnel where the most important bad geology is first seen Drilling; the sensor casing boreholes are arranged 15-20m away from the last blasthole, and the sensor casing boreholes are arranged symmetrically along the two walls of the tunnel.
[0038] Among them, in the TSP detection process, the determination of the drilling position directly affects the accuracy of the detection result. Using the above-mentioned preferred method for determining the drilling position can improve the accuracy of result prediction.
[0039] The second step: use the advanced drilling method to detect at a close distance, and at the same time combine the detection results of the first step to determine the location of the water inrush; detect at a distance 20-30m in front of the hand;
[0040] The use of advance drilling method is the most direct method of geological advance forecasting methods during tunnel construction, and it is a verification and supplement to the results of other detection methods. In the specific drilling process, in order to improve the accuracy of result prediction, the following preferred drilling methods can be used:
[0041] If the detection result of the first step is that there is a fractured zone in front of the tunnel, 3 drilling holes are arranged for detection.
[0042] If the detection result of the first step is that there may be a water inrush section in front of the hand, 5 drilling holes are arranged.
[0043] And in the above two drilling situations, the depth of the drilling hole is 3m or more.
[0044] The third step: According to the detection results of the advanced drilling method and the water inrush situation of the blasthole on the face, the water inrush in the cave is monitored, and the water inflow and the water pressure are calculated at the same time.
[0045] Through this step, the volume and pressure of the inrush water have been determined. Therefore, during construction, follow-up preventive measures can be taken according to the situation, such as: according to the water inflow and water pressure calculated in this step, for the karst areas where large-scale (high pressure) water inrush (inrush) and mud inrush may occur in the tunnel Carry out advanced pre-grouting.
[0046] The specific method of advance pre-grouting can be as follows: grouting holes are drilled 5-10m away from the predicted water inrush position, and the grouting holes are arranged in an umbrella shape from the tunnel face along the excavation direction with the centerline of the tunnel as the center . Using this method can generate greater grouting pressure, thereby more effectively preventing catastrophic water inrush. In order to improve the degree of this effect, it is more preferable to drill 8 rings of grouting holes, and the distance between each ring of grouting holes is 60 cm.
[0047] As mentioned above, the above method uses the seismic wave reflection method to predict the location and scale of the watery or poorly water-rich geological bodies encountered during construction, predict the surrounding rock level of the tunnel section, and prove the contact area of the rock strata and the larger scale Karst form, forecast the integrity of the rock mass and the development of karst and groundwater, and forecast the possibility of water inrush. Among them, the detectable distance is 100-150m in front of the palm. On the basis of this long-distance detection, the location of water inrush is further determined. Finally, detect the water inrush and calculate the volume and pressure of water inrush for later construction reference.
[0048] It can be seen that the above method adopts the method from far to near, from forecast to definite, from qualitative to quantitative, to achieve the purpose of accurately detecting the amount of water inrush and water pressure in front of the hand.
[0049] Based on the above forecast, appropriate methods can be adopted to excavate and support the tunnel. The main construction process can include: grouting water blocking effect inspection → advanced support construction → step method excavation → I-steel support → shotcrete → lower step bottom → I-steel support → anchor shotcrete → invert closure Ring → the next cycle.
[0050] Corresponding to the above method, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a tunnel geology prediction system, see figure 2 , The system includes:
[0051] Tunnel seismic survey equipment 22, used to survey the geology of the tunnel with seismic wave reflection method;
[0052] The advance drilling survey equipment 24 is used to determine the suspicious geological section according to the survey results of the tunnel seismic survey equipment 22, and perform advance drilling method survey on the determined suspicious geological section to obtain the geological analysis data of the suspicious geological section;
[0053] The geological forecasting equipment 26 is used to perform geological forecasting based on the geological analysis data of the suspicious geological section obtained by the advanced drilling and surveying equipment 24.
[0054] The above-mentioned system of the embodiment of the present invention adopts seismic wave reflection method and advance drilling method to survey, and obtains the geological analysis data of the suspicious geological section. The data is more reliable because of the integration of the above-mentioned survey methods. The comparison of geological prediction based on the data Accurate, which in turn solves the problem that a single method of tunnel geological survey cannot accurately predict the geological conditions of the tunnel, which leads to the problem of hidden safety hazards in tunnel construction, and improves the practicality of forecasting.
[0055] The above-mentioned advanced drilling and survey equipment 24 includes: a suspicious geological section determination module, which is used to determine the following positions in the results of the tunnel seismic survey equipment survey as suspicious geological sections: may cause a collapse of 50m 3 The location of the above fault fracture zone; it can cause the water gushing speed to be 50m 3 Water-rich location above /h; location of bad geological body where mud and water burst.
[0056] Specifically, the aforementioned geological forecasting equipment 26 includes: a disaster forecasting judgment module for judging whether the geological analysis data of the suspicious geological section has at least one of the following conditions: 1) There is water inrush in the suspicious geological section; 2) There is a landslide in the suspicious geological section 3) Mud outburst in the suspicious geological section; 4) Rockburst in the suspicious geological section; 5) Gas outburst in the suspicious geological section; Disaster prediction module, used to perform geology when the judgment result of the disaster forecast judgment module is yes Disaster nowcasting.
[0057] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above-mentioned modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing device, and they can be concentrated on a single computing device or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices. Above, alternatively, they can be implemented with program codes executable by the computing device, so that they can be stored in the storage device for execution by the computing device, and in some cases, can be executed in a different order than here. Perform the steps shown or described, or fabricate them into individual integrated circuit modules separately, or fabricate multiple modules or steps of them into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. In this way, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
[0058] The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
