Bio-based fully degradable polylactic acid/plant fiber composite material and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological full-degradable polylactic acid / plant fiber composite material as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The biological full-degradable polylactic acid / plant fiber composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50%-78% of polylactic acid, 20%-35% of a plant fiber, 1%-9% of biological epoxy compounds, 0.5%-4% of inorganic nanoparticles and 0.5%-2% of an assistant. The polylactic acid, the plant fiber and the biological epoxy compounds are all from renewable biomass, have biodegradation characteristics, and completely conform to the requirements of low-carbon, environment-friendly and sustained economic development. The composite material has excellent mechanical properties of high strength and high tenacity, and excellent hydrophobic property, can be prepared by fusing and extruding once; and the method is simple, easy to operate and suitable for industrialized production. In addition, the composite material disclosed by the invention can be applied to preparation of automobile components, can also be applied to the field of preparation of high-grade products such as polylactic acid infant feeding bottles and water glasses, and has a wide application prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of polylactic acid composite materials, in particular to a bio-based fully degradable polylactic acid / plant fiber composite material, a preparation method thereof, and an application in the preparation of automobile parts. Background technique [0002] In order to solve the challenges brought by "energy shortage" and "environmental pollution" to the global economy and people's living environment, and to promote the progress of automobile products, protect the environment, promote energy conservation and sustainable development, automobile energy saving and emission reduction are more and more popular among people. focus on. However, the plastics used in automobiles today are mainly petroleum-based plastics such as PP, PE, ABS, and TPU. Although their large-scale application is of great significance to automobile lightweight and energy saving and emission reduction, it has greatly exacerbated the "energy shortage" and ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Chinese patent CN103509317A and Chinese patent 200710198736.4 use a coupling agent to improve the compatibility of natural fiber / polylactic acid composite materials, but their toughness and impact resistance cannot meet the actual use requirements and need to be further improved

Chinese patent CN101200578B discloses a method for preparing a fully degradable natural fiber / montmorillonite / polylactic acid composite material. The invention uses melt blending to make masterbatches from polylactic acid, modified montmorillonite and additives, and then Melt extrusion with natural fibers and polylactic acid, the composite material has good mechanical properties, but its production process is complex, requires high equipment, high production costs, and is not suitable for industrialized large-scale production

This technical solution uses a nucleating agent to change the compatible internal structure of polylactic acid and plant fibers, which can improve the mechanical properties to a certain extent, but its hydrolysis resistance is poor.

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