Preparation method and navigation template for auxiliary thoracic pedicle screw placement

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for making a navigation template for assisting the placement of thoracic pedicle screws, using spiral CT to scan the thoracic spine to obtain a tomographic image of the thoracic spine in the area to be operated; importing the image data into software for three-dimensional reconstruction to obtain a three-dimensional model of the thoracic spine ; Place a virtual screw on the target thoracic pedicle, confirm that the screw is in the ideal position on the transverse, sagittal, and coronal planes, and further adjust it on the three-dimensional view to make it meet the actual requirements of the operation; generate a virtual screw around the virtual screw. Screw placement channel; extract the anatomical information of the bony structure behind the thoracic vertebrae to generate a navigation template base; combine the virtual nail placement channel with the navigation template base, and add an arc-shaped support structure around the spinous process on the navigation template base. Connecting rods are added between the structure and the virtual screw channel and between each virtual screw channel to generate a virtual navigation template; a rapid prototyping machine is used to manufacture a solid navigation template. The present invention can make an individualized navigation template, and the navigation template is placed behind the thoracic vertebrae of the corresponding segment, and can guide and accurately place the pedicle screw.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of manufacturing methods of navigation templates for surgery, in particular to a manufacturing method and the navigation templates for assisting the placement of thoracic pedicle screws. Background technique [0002] The spine includes the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal vertebrae. In the field of spinal surgery, pedicle screw technology has become a standard technology for the treatment of spinal trauma, inflammation, tumors, deformities and other diseases, and the accuracy of the position and angle of pedicle screw placement greatly affects the surgical effect. Poor screw position can lead to complications such as damage to pleura, spinal cord, aorta, trachea, esophagus and other important organs. Most surgeons rely on the anatomical landmarks seen in the operation to infer the position and angle of screw placement, and have summarized the general rules through a lot of practice. However, there ar...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] In response to the above problems, the computer-aided navigation technology currently popular in developed countries in Europe and the United States provides a relatively reliable auxiliary means for thoracic pedicle screw placement, and the accuracy of screw placement can reach more than 95%. However, in cases of thoracic vertebral deformities, The accuracy rate is less than 65%, and the operation of related equipment is complicated, the cost is high, and the learning curve is long, so it is not suitable for large-scale promotion

However, a large number of practices have shown that the above-mentioned navigation templates have major problems and deficiencies: First, due to the existence of a certain amount of soft tissue on the surface of the bony structure, especially at the tip of the spinous process, the navigation template does not match well with the back of the thoracic spine, resulting in its accuracy. Second, the base of the navigation template is a two-dimensional curved surface configuration, which is prone to deviation when placed behind the corresponding thoracic vertebrae, making it difficult to achieve "position uniqueness"; third, the position of the navigation template cannot be effectively fixed behind the thoracic vertebrae. When an electric drill is used to place nails along the channel of the navigation template during the operation, it is easy to move due to the influence of the electric drill

The above three reasons lead to the questioning of the accuracy of navigation template-assisted nail placement in practical applications

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