Room-temperature molten salt and preparation method and application thereof

A room temperature molten salt and molten salt technology, applied in the field of low-temperature electrolytic aluminum, can solve the problems of affecting metals, competing reactions, and reducing the green characteristics of ionic liquids, and achieve the effects of stability in the air, high conductivity, and low price

Active Publication Date: 2017-09-22
NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Existing aluminum chloride as raw material, aluminum electrolytic refining reports based on ionic liquids all require excess aluminum chloride and at a temperature higher than room temperature, and the active material for aluminum electrolytic reduction is Al 2 Cl 7 - , this substance has a strong Lewis acidity and is easy to absorb water and deteriorate. Therefore, the system needs to be carried out in an inert atmosphere, which increases the difficulty of industrial practical application. Although the current research is relatively extensive, it is difficult to popularize and apply
[0007] In addition, the synthesis process of conventional ionic liquids is complicated, the exchange reaction is not complete, there are competing reactions and by-products, and the obtained products need to be purified and separated in multiple steps, which significantly increases the production cost of ionic liquids and the possibility of environmental pollution, reduces the Green features of ionic liquids
The water content of the final product cannot be guaranteed, which seriously affects the preparation of metals by ionic liquid electrodeposition.

Method used

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  • Room-temperature molten salt and preparation method and application thereof
  • Room-temperature molten salt and preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0048] At room temperature 25°C, weigh AlCl at a molar ratio of 0.5:1 3 3.33g and 4.40g of ethylene carbonate were placed in a 10ml beaker and stirred at a stirring speed of 700r / min for 20min to obtain a uniform, stable and transparent molten salt at room temperature. The obtained system was electrolyzed with a copper substrate at the potential of -0.8V (vs Al) for 5 hours, the anode was a graphite rod, and the effective area immersed in the liquid surface was 1.5cm 2 . Do XRD detection and ICP detection on the electrodeposited product. XRD detection proves that the product is metallic aluminum. Through calculation, it can be seen that the yield reaches 95.50%, and the purity of aluminum detected by ICP is 98.00%.

Embodiment 2

[0050] At room temperature 25°C, weigh AlCl at a molar ratio of 0.1:1 3 and ethylene carbonate in a 10ml beaker, stirred at a stirring speed of 500r / min for 10min to obtain a uniform, stable and transparent molten salt at room temperature. The obtained system is electrolyzed at -0.6V (vs Al) potential for 8 hours with a copper substrate, the anode is a graphite rod, and the effective area of ​​immersion in the liquid surface is 1.5cm 2 . Do XRD detection and ICP detection on the electrodeposited product. XRD detection proves that the product is metallic aluminum. Through calculation, it can be seen that the yield reaches 90.50%, and the purity of aluminum detected by ICP is 97.00%.

Embodiment 3

[0052] At room temperature 25°C, weigh AlCl at a molar ratio of 1:1 3 and ethylene carbonate were placed in a 10ml beaker, and stirred at a stirring speed of 800r / min for 30min to obtain a uniform, stable and transparent molten salt at room temperature. The obtained system was electrolyzed for 4 hours at the potential of -0.6V (vs Al) using a copper substrate, the anode was a graphite rod, and the effective area immersed in the liquid surface was 1.5cm 2 . Do XRD detection and ICP detection on the electrodeposited product. XRD detection proves that the product is metallic aluminum. Through calculation, it can be seen that the yield reaches 95.20%, and the purity of aluminum detected by ICP is 99.00%.

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Abstract

The invention relates to room-temperature molten salt and a preparation method and application thereof and belongs to the technical field of low-temperature electrolytic aluminum. The room-temperature molten salt is composed of a cation portion and an anion portion. The general formula of the cation portion is [AlCl2.nBase] <+>, wherein Base is one of ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate or butene carbonate or dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate or methyl ethyl carbonate or diphenyl carbonate or di-tert-butyl dicarbonate, and n ranges from 2 to 20. The anion portion is AlCl4-. According to the room-temperature molten salt and the preparation method and application thereof, a low-temperature co-molten system is found and compounded for the first time; all raw materials of the system are converted into products; purification and separation are not needed; and the room-temperature molten salt and the preparation method and application thereof meet atom economy. In addition, the room-temperature molten salt and the preparation method and application thereof have the beneficial effects of being high in electric conductivity, small in viscosity, stable in air, insensitive to water and low in cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a room-temperature molten salt, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of low-temperature electrolytic aluminum. Background technique [0002] Aluminum is the most abundant metal element on earth. It has good thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity. In addition, it also has good ductility and sound absorption. It is widely used in aerospace, transportation, packaging, printing, construction and other fields. [0003] The production of industrial metal aluminum mainly uses alumina as raw material, which is obtained by electrolysis by dissolving it in a cryolite molten salt system at about 960 °C. The aluminum electrolysis industry is the largest non-ferrous metallurgy industry and one of the industries with the largest power consumption. At present, the DC power consumption per ton of aluminum produced by metal aluminum is 12,900-13,400 kWh. In recent years, the power consumpti...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25C3/18
CPCC25C3/18
Inventor 石忠宁张保国胡宪伟高炳亮王兆文
Owner NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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