Room-temperature molten salt and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to room-temperature molten salt and a preparation method and application thereof and belongs to the technical field of low-temperature electrolytic aluminum. The room-temperature molten salt is composed of a cation portion and an anion portion. The general formula of the cation portion is [AlCl2.nBase] <+>, wherein Base is one of ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate or butene carbonate or dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate or methyl ethyl carbonate or diphenyl carbonate or di-tert-butyl dicarbonate, and n ranges from 2 to 20. The anion portion is AlCl4-. According to the room-temperature molten salt and the preparation method and application thereof, a low-temperature co-molten system is found and compounded for the first time; all raw materials of the system are converted into products; purification and separation are not needed; and the room-temperature molten salt and the preparation method and application thereof meet atom economy. In addition, the room-temperature molten salt and the preparation method and application thereof have the beneficial effects of being high in electric conductivity, small in viscosity, stable in air, insensitive to water and low in cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a room-temperature molten salt, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of low-temperature electrolytic aluminum. Background technique [0002] Aluminum is the most abundant metal element on earth. It has good thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity. In addition, it also has good ductility and sound absorption. It is widely used in aerospace, transportation, packaging, printing, construction and other fields. [0003] The production of industrial metal aluminum mainly uses alumina as raw material, which is obtained by electrolysis by dissolving it in a cryolite molten salt system at about 960 °C. The aluminum electrolysis industry is the largest non-ferrous metallurgy industry and one of the industries with the largest power consumption. At present, the DC power consumption per ton of aluminum produced by metal aluminum is 12,900-13,400 kWh. In recent years, the power consumpti...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Existing aluminum chloride as raw material, aluminum electrolytic refining reports based on ionic liquids all require excess aluminum chloride and at a temperature higher than room temperature, and the active material for aluminum electrolytic reduction is Al 2 Cl 7 - , this substance has a strong Lewis acidity and is easy to absorb water and deteriorate. Therefore, the system needs to be carried out in an inert atmosphere, which increases the difficulty of industrial practical application. Although the current research is relatively extensive, it is difficult to popularize and apply

[0007] In addition, the synthesis process of conventional ionic liquids is complicated, the exchange reaction is not complete, there are competing reactions and by-products, and the obtained products need to be purified and separated in multiple steps, which significantly increases the production cost of ionic liquids and the possibility of environmental pollution, reduces the Green features of ionic liquids

The water content of the final product cannot be guaranteed, which seriously affects the preparation of metals by ionic liquid electrodeposition.

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