Catalyst fluidization unit and fluidized bed catalytic reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses a catalyst fluidization unit and a fluidized bed catalytic reactor and relates to the technical field of chemical equipment. The catalyst fluidization unit and the fluidized bed catalytic reactor are invented for promoting the fluidizing homogeneity of the catalyst. The catalyst fluidization unit comprises a shell and an air distributing structure; an accommodating chamberwith an inverted cone structure is formed in the shell; air vents which are connected with the accommodating chamber are formed on the top and bottom of the shell; the bore diameter of the air vent located on the top of the shell is more than that of the air vent located on the bottom of the shell; the air distributing structure is arranged in the accommodating chamber. The catalyst fluidization unit and the fluidized bed catalytic reactor disclosed by the invention are used for increasing the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, in particular to a catalyst fluidization unit and a fluidized bed catalytic reactor. Background technique [0002] The traditional gas-phase catalytic reactor is equipped with a catalyst, and under the action of the catalyst, the raw material gas is catalytically reacted to produce a product. Among them, there are two ways of loading the catalyst, namely, fixed bed filling and fluidized bed filling. [0003] At present, the main disadvantage of filling catalyst in the fluidized bed is that the fluidization of the catalyst in the fluidized bed is not uniform, the corners of the fluidized bed are prone to catalyst accumulation, resulting in dead zones, and the flow velocity in the horizontal section of the fluidized space is uneven, which reduces the yield of the target product. Especially when the flow rate of the gas phase is small, the reactants pass through the bed in the form of bub...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, the main disadvantage of filling catalyst in the fluidized bed is that the fluidization of the catalyst in the fluidized bed is not uniform, the corners of the fluidized bed are prone to catalyst accumulation, resulting in dead zones, and the flow velocity in the horizontal section of the fluidized space is uneven, which reduces the yield of the target product. Especially when the flow rate of the gas phase is small, the reactants pass through the bed in the form of bubbles, which reduces the chance of contact between the gas-solid phase and the conversion rate of the reaction, which will eventually lead to ineffectiveness or low efficiency of some catalysts and reduce the overall efficiency of the catalyst. When the scale of the traditional fluidized bed catalyst reactor is enlarged, it will produce a larger catalyst accumulation area and fluidization inhomogeneity, resulting in an amplification effect. The complex fluid mechanics and transfer phenomena in the bed make the process under unsteady conditions. It is difficult to reveal its unified law, and it is also difficult to break away from empirical amplification and empirical operation, which affects the catalyst efficiency, and the traditional fluidized bed catalyst reactor is difficult to achieve multi-stage design, resulting in a low degree of single-pass reaction of raw gas

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