Device and method for rapidly preparing high-yield activated carbon by coupling of pressure pump with microwaves

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon material preparation and provides a device and a method for rapidly preparing high-yield activated carbon by coupling of a pressure pump with microwaves. The device comprises a programmed controller, a feed unit, a reaction furnace, a pressure pump unit, a microwave heating unit, an explosive spraying and cooling unit and a pyrolysis gas treating unit. Friction and collision of raw material molecules are caused by the microwaves, reaction activation energy is reduced, and the process operation time is shortened greatly. Retention time of volatile matter is prolonged by pressing of the pressure pump, the volatile matter is promoted to be deposited on surface of semi-coke, and accordingly, yield of solid carbon is increased; condensationpolymerization of tar is also promoted by pressing, and production of the tar is reduced substantially or avoided. Besides, pyrolysis gas can be produced from inside of the raw materials by the aid of microwave heating, pyrolysis gas molecules retain in the raw material molecules under the pressing action to play a role of in-situ self-template and shuttle back and forth freely in the raw materials non-directionally to substantially promote pore development of the activated carbon, the instantaneous popcorn effect is beneficial to secondary pore forming of the pyrolysis gas, and the specificsurface area of a carbon material is increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a device and method for rapidly preparing high-yield activated carbon by coupling microwaves with a "pressure pump", which has the characteristics of fast heating speed, high output of activated carbon, near-zero tar emission and continuous production, and belongs to the technical field of carbon material preparation. Background technique [0002] Activated carbon is widely used in adsorption, catalysis, energy storage, hydrogen storage, decolorization and other fields due to its rich pore structure and good chemical stability. At present, common activated carbon preparation process furnaces include: fixed furnace, fluidized bed, rotary furnace and bubbling bed. For example, Chinese patent document CN108298535A discloses a method for preparing copper algae-based mesoporous activated carbon using a rotary atmosphere furnace physical activation method; The method of nitrogen activated carbon; Chinese patent document CN108249435A...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although these traditional microwave heating methods solve the problems of slow mass transfer speed and long process time of resistance heating, a large amount of tar will be produced in the actual microwave carbonization or activation process

On the one hand, the generation of tar is easy to block the pipeline or adhere to the surface of the furnace body, affecting the exhaust of the pipeline or the heat transfer of the furnace body; The yield of solid product activated carbon is greatly restricted, which seriously restricts the large-scale promotion of microwave activation method in industry.

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