A preparation method of high-density metal azide with arbitrarily regulated packing density

A technology of packing density and azide, which is used in metal azide compositions, azide acid/azide/halide azide, attack equipment, etc. Reduce the detonation power and other problems, and achieve the effects of high detonation power, safe and green preparation process, and low equipment requirements.

Active Publication Date: 2021-06-11
BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The nanoporous metal prepared by the hydrogen bubble template method has pores in the tens of microns and a loose microstructure, which leads to the low density of the product generated by azidation, which greatly weakens the detonation power and cannot reach the submillimeter-sized charge in the MEMS fuze. Requirements for reliable detonation
In contrast, although nanoporous metals prepared by pyrolysis of organometallic salts have high packing density, nanoporous metals prepared by pyrolysis of organometallic salts have the disadvantage that the packing density is difficult to control.

Method used

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  • A preparation method of high-density metal azide with arbitrarily regulated packing density
  • A preparation method of high-density metal azide with arbitrarily regulated packing density
  • A preparation method of high-density metal azide with arbitrarily regulated packing density

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0090] (1) Take 11 mL of styrene monomer, 40 mL of deionized water, 7 mL of methanol, and 0.08 g of potassium persulfate and stir and mix them. After passing nitrogen gas for about 25 minutes, seal the reaction device and raise the temperature to 75 ° C for 8 hours. After the reaction, the product was separated by centrifugation, washed three times with deionized water, and vacuum-dried at 40° C. to obtain polystyrene microspheres with a particle size of 800 nm. figure 1 It is the SEM characterization figure of the polystyrene microspheres prepared by this method. Depend on figure 1 It can be seen that the particle size of the polystyrene microspheres is about 700nm, the surface is smooth, and the size is basically the same.

[0091] (2) Roughening: Dissolve 6g of potassium dichromate in 100mL of water and add 5mL of concentrated sulfuric acid to make a roughening solution. 1 g of polystyrene microspheres was placed in the roughening solution, stirred and heated to 50°C fo...

Embodiment 2

[0099] (1) Mix 40mL of ethanol, 1% of azobisisobutylcyanide, 5% of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 4mL of styrene monomer, and seal the reaction device after passing nitrogen gas for 30 minutes and raise the temperature to 75°C for 16 hours. After centrifugation, the resulting product was washed three times with ethanol, and vacuum-dried at 70°C to obtain 4.5 μm polystyrene microspheres. Figure 8 It is the SEM characterization figure of the polystyrene microspheres prepared by this method. Depend on Figure 8 It can be seen that the particle size of the polystyrene microspheres is about 4.5 μm, the surface is smooth, and the size is basically the same.

[0100] (2) Roughening: Dissolve 6g of potassium dichromate in 100mL of water and add 5mL of concentrated sulfuric acid to make a roughening solution. Disperse 1 g of polystyrene microspheres in the coarsening solution, stir and heat to 55°C for 30 minutes. Suction filtration, washing with deionized water 3 times.

[0101] (3) Se...

Embodiment 3

[0109] The micron-sized polystyrene microspheres coated with nano-metallic copper prepared in Example 2 were placed in a tubular sintering furnace and sintered at 450°C for 120 minutes under the protection of nitrogen, and then lowered to room temperature to obtain nanoporous metallic copper-structured polystyrene microspheres. hollow microspheres. The hollow microsphere powder constructed by nanoporous metal copper is transferred into the confinement shell of glass fiber plate with a thickness of 0.4mm and a diameter of 0.8mm, and the available density is about 1.2g / cm 3 The hollow microspheres are constructed of nanoporous copper with constrained shells. The whole constrained shell device is placed in the reactor and azide gas for 12 hours in situ chemical reaction to prepare a packing density of 2.3g / cm 3 The charge mass of the high-density copper azide in a single constrained shell is about 0.46 mg.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-density metal azide with arbitrarily regulated packing density, which belongs to the field of pyrotechnics. The present invention mixes hollow microspheres with different diameters constructed of nanoporous metal / metal oxides and fills them into a constrained shell to prepare hollow microspheres constructed of nanoporous metal / metal oxides with a certain packing density in the constrained shell. Then put the confinement shell of hollow microspheres filled with nanoporous metal / metal oxide into the reactor together with azide gas to produce metal azide with high packing density through gas-solid in-situ chemical reaction; the present invention The high-density metal azide with a filling density of 50% to 92% of the theoretical density can be manufactured in the confined shell, and the high-density metal azide (such as copper azide dosage ≥ 0.4mg) in the prepared single confined shell ) can detonate explosives such as HNS-IV, CL-20, PETN and RDX with a packing density of 75%-92% of the theoretical density and a diameter ≥ 0.5mm, and ignite B / KNO 3 Wait for the gunpowder.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-density metal azide with arbitrarily regulated packing density, which belongs to the field of pyrotechnics. Background technique [0002] Nanoporous metals have attracted increasing attention in the field of nanotechnology and porous materials science in recent years. Nanoporous metal is a very popular research object in the field of materials because it has the properties of metal materials, porous materials and nanomaterials. A variety of methods for preparing nanoporous metals have been reported, mainly including template method and dealloying method. However, these methods are currently unable to prepare nanoscale porous metal microspheres with controllable density. [0003] Among the methods reported in a large number of literatures to prepare metal azides by in-situ gas-curing chemical reaction, the precursor nanoporous metals are mainly prepared by hydrogen bubble template method and meta...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B21/08C06B35/00
CPCC01B21/08C01P2002/72C01P2004/03C06B35/00
Inventor 李明愉曾庆轩吴兴宇
Owner BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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