A directional fracturing device based on carbon dioxide phase transition expansion and its application method

Abstract

The invention relates to a directional fracturing device based on the phase change expansion of carbon dioxide, which comprises an outer sleeve, a water storage pipe, a liquid storage pipe and a heating pipe which are sequentially socketed from the outside to the inside, and the length of the water storage pipe, the liquid storage pipe and the heating pipe are equal Similarly, the inside of the heating tube is filled with heating material and a detonating cord is arranged in the axial direction. There is a threaded section at the top, and energy-dissipating joints are symmetrically opened on the wall of the outer casing along the axial direction. The present invention uses water as the blasting medium to be discharged from the two ends of the energy release seam of the outer sleeve instantaneously to form a directional slit effect, without dust and with good energy-gathering and cracking effects, and is especially suitable for smooth surface blasting; the double-sided directional energy-gathering cracking method is adopted Avoid the problem of the cracking tube flying out and hurting people after blasting; the use of detonation index detonation heating materials can solve the limitation that traditional cracking tubes cannot realize deep hole blasting, and can achieve simultaneous detonation of cracking tubes at different depths.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fracturing of coal and rock mass in mining and underground engineering, in particular to a directional fracturing device based on carbon dioxide phase change expansion and a method for using it. Background technique [0002] Blasting technology is widely used in mining resources and urban infrastructure construction. The traditional way of implementing blasting is to use explosives. However, explosive blasting will have varying degrees of impact on the ecological environment and the health of on-site workers. The huge noise, Strong earthquakes, blasting shock waves and a large number of blasting flying rocks will cause great harm to the surrounding environment and buildings. In recent years, the use of liquid carbon dioxide phase change fracturing as an emerging physical blasting technology has become a development trend. This technology is developed on the basis of high-pressure air cannons. It was origi...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] (1) Since the energy release head is only set at one end of the cracking tube, and there is only one energy release hole on the energy release head, the carbon dioxide phase change and expansion can only be released from the energy release hole at the end of the cracking tube, resulting in energy If the release is too concentrated, a huge recoil force will be generated at the same time. This recoil force will easily cause the tube body of the cracking tube to fly out of the blast hole and injure people. There is a certain potential safety hazard; and due to the concentrated release energy, the resulting blasting effect is image 3 The "point blasting" in the blasting can only break the rock at the bottom of the blasthole, and cannot directional slit along the borehole axis, so it is not suitable for smooth blasting engineering

[0005] (2) Since the heating tube of the existing cracking tube structure is only installed at one end of the filling valve, it can only locally heat the carbon dioxide liquid in the liquid storage tube, resulting in uneven heating of the carbon dioxide in the liquid storage tube and low heating efficiency, making the carbon dioxide The gasification speed slows down, which affects the blasting effect

[0006] (3) The existing fracturing tube is equipped with a filling valve at the end. The purpose is to fill the liquid carbon dioxide into the liquid storage tube on the spot through the filling equipment at the construction site. Additional filling equipment is required on site, which is not suitable for operation under complex conditions such as high-temperature mines; and since the expansion and release of energy is achieved through the pressure rupture of the constant-pressure shear sheet, once the blasting task of the cracking tube is completed, it cannot be directly Recycled for secondary use, it still needs to be returned to the factory for replacement and reassembly of the constant pressure shearing piece before it can be used

Since each cracking tube is led out by a wire, when multiple cracking tubes are arranged in series, multiple wires need to be led out of the drill hole. There are many lines and it is easy to make mistakes, and the wiring method is very complicated.

[0008] (5) The existing fracturing pipes directly use carbon dioxide phase change expansion to break rocks, and the blasting will produce a large amount of smoke and dust, which has a great impact on the construction environment on site, especially for mines or tunnel working faces with relatively large dust, which is harmful to human health and construction operations. will also have some impact

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